Patient characteristics with initial rhythm of non-VF according to intravenous access attempt after propensity score matching
| Before matching | After matching | |||||
| Not attempted (n=22 128) | Attempted (n=16 047) | SMD | Not attempted (n=10 005) | Attempted (n=10 005) | SMD | |
| Age, year, mean (SD) | 75.1 (14.8) | 74.6 (14.4) | 0.036 | 74.5 (15.0) | 73.6 (14.6) | 0.056 |
| Male, n (%) | 11 791 (53.3) | 9002 (56.1) | 0.057 | 5536 (55.3) | 5672 (56.7) | 0.027 |
| Location of arrests, n (%) | 0.111 | 0.039 | ||||
| Home | 16 208 (73.2) | 11 569 (72.1) | 7275 (72.7) | 7201 (72.0) | ||
| Public space | 1497 (6.8) | 1499 (9.3) | 852 (8.5) | 925 (9.2) | ||
| Workplace | 284 (1.3) | 285 (1.8) | 163 (1.6) | 182 (1.8) | ||
| Healthcare facility | 3416 (15.4) | 2194 (13.7) | 1412 (14.1) | 1357 (13.6) | ||
| Others | 723 (3.3) | 500 (3.1) | 303 (3.0) | 340 (3.4) | ||
| Activity of daily living before arrests, n (%) | 0.147 | 0.032 | ||||
| Good | 16 910 (76.4) | 13 117 (81.7) | 7996 (79.9) | 8109 (81.0) | ||
| Moderate | 4037 (18.2) | 2079 (13.0) | 1459 (14.6) | 1351 (13.5) | ||
| Poor | 1181 (5.3) | 851 (5.3) | 550 (5.5) | 545 (5.4) | ||
| Year, n (%) | 0.258 | 0.060 | ||||
| 2005 | 3078 (13.9) | 1118 (7.0) | 1228 (12.3) | 1092 (10.9) | ||
| 2006 | 2576 (11.6) | 1608 (10.0) | 1239 (12.4) | 1216 (12.2) | ||
| 2007 | 2464 (11.1) | 1971 (12.3) | 1279 (12.8) | 1266 (12.7) | ||
| 2008 | 2603 (11.8) | 2277 (14.2) | 1337 (13.4) | 1276 (12.8) | ||
| 2009 | 2472 (11.2) | 2321 (14.5) | 1216 (12.2) | 1268 (12.7) | ||
| 2010 | 2677 (12.1) | 2229 (13.9) | 1175 (11.7) | 1174 (11.7) | ||
| 2011 | 3059 (13.8) | 2255 (14.1) | 1267 (12.7) | 1325 (13.2) | ||
| 2012 | 3199 (14.5) | 2268 (14.1) | 1264 (12.6) | 1388 (13.9) | ||
| Bystander witnessed, n (%) | 6947 (31.4) | 6407 (39.9) | 0.179 | 3588 (35.9) | 4063 (40.6) | 0.098 |
| Bystander-initiated CPR, n (%) | 0.009 | 0.008 | ||||
| Compression-only CPR | 6074 (27.4) | 4383 (27.3) | 2623 (26.2) | 2609 (26.1) | ||
| Conventional CPR | 3185 (14.4) | 2270 (14.1) | 1497 (15.0) | 1476 (14.8) | ||
| No CPR | 12 869 (58.2) | 9394 (58.5) | 5885 (58.8) | 5920 (59.2) | ||
| Medical control council, n (%) | 0.788 | 0.039 | ||||
| MC1 | 1476 (6.7) | 2142 (13.3) | 1028 (10.3) | 1050 (10.5) | ||
| MC2 | 1442 (6.5) | 1248 (7.8) | 749 (7.5) | 790 (7.9) | ||
| MC3 | 3484 (15.7) | 1400 (8.7) | 1106 (11.1) | 1108 (11.1) | ||
| MC4 | 1868 (8.4) | 1820 (11.3) | 1145 (11.4) | 1031 (10.3) | ||
| MC5 | 1424 (6.4) | 1300 (8.1) | 810 (8.1) | 804 (8.0) | ||
| MC6 | 3200 (14.5) | 400 (2.5) | 393 (3.9) | 400 (4.0) | ||
| MC7 | 3327 (15.0) | 436 (2.7) | 426 (4.3) | 436 (4.4) | ||
| MC8 | 5907 (26.7) | 7301 (45.5) | 4348 (43.5) | 4386 (43.8) | ||
| Certified ELST attended, n (%) | 10 086 (45.6) | 10 925 (68.1) | 0.466 | 5033 (50.3) | 5199 (52.0) | 0.033 |
| Airway management, n (%) | 0.903 | 0.021 | ||||
| Tracheal intubation | 3205 (14.5) | 6018 (37.5) | 2385 (23.8) | 2405 (24.0) | ||
| LMA or OOA | 7432 (33.6) | 7707 (48.0) | 5378 (53.8) | 5283 (52.8) | ||
| Bag valve mask | 11 491 (51.9) | 2322 (14.5) | 2242 (22.4) | 2317 (23.2) |
CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ELST, emergency life-saving technician; LMA, laryngeal mask airway; MC, Medical Control Council; OOA, oesophageal obturator airway; SMD, standardised mean difference; VF, ventricular fibrillation.