Variables/indices analysed in CFA | Criteria | Germany (exploratory factor analysis) | USA (Sorra and Nieva 2004) | England (UK)(Waterson et al., 2010) | Scotland (UK) (Sarac et al., 2011) | France (Occelli et al., 2013) | Switzerland (Perneger, 2013) | Switzerland (Pfeiffer and Manser 2010) | Netherlands (Smits et al., 2008) | Sweden (Hedsköld et al., 2013) | Slovenia (Robida, 2013) | Turkey (Bodur, 2010) | Palestine (Najjar et al., 2013) |
Observations (n) | NA | 487 | 974 | 974 | 974 | 974 | 974 | 974 | 974 | 974 | 974 | 974 | 974 |
Variables (n) | NA | 28 | 42 | 27 | 39 | 39 | 42 | 35 | 38 | 42 | 39 | 42 | 38 |
Factors (n) | NA | 8 | 12 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 11 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
Root mean square error of approximation | <0.07 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
Standardised root mean residual | <0.08 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
Root mean square residual | NA | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.04 |
Goodness of fit index (GFI) | >0.90 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.89 | 0.83 | 0.87 | 0.84 | 0.90 |
Adjusted GFI | >0.90 | 0.90 | 0.86 | 0.90 | 0.86 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.81 | 0.85 | 0.81 | 0.87 |
Normed fit index | >0.95 | 0.90 | 0.86 | 0.90 | 0.86 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.80 | 0.85 | 0.81 | 0.88 |
Comparative fit index | ≥0.90 | 0.95 | 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.90 | 0.84 | 0.89 | 0.85 | 0.91 |
Tucker-Lewis Index/non-normed fit index | ≥0.90 | 0.94 | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.85 | 0.88 | 0.83 | 0.87 | 0.83 | 0.90 |
Note: Coloured cells contain values that do not meet requirements.