Case | Control (n=570) | p Value* | |||
PA suspected antenatally (n=169) | PA not suspected antenatally (n=123) | Total† (n=295) | |||
N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
Did the woman labour | |||||
Yes | 7 (4.1) | 51 (41.5) | 59 (20.0) | 451 (79.1) | <0.001 |
No | 162 (95.9) | 72 (58.5) | 236 (80.0) | 117 (20.5) | |
Not stated | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.4) | |
Induced labour | |||||
Yes | 1 (14.3) | 16 (31.4) | 17 (28.8) | 116 (25.7) | 0.55 |
No | 5 (71.4) | 34 (66.7) | 40 (67.8) | 329 (72.9) | |
Not stated | 1 (14.3) | 1 (2.0) | 2 (3.4) | 6 (1.3) | |
Gestation at birth, weeks, median | 35.0 | 38.0 | 36.0 | 39.0 | <0.001 |
Method of birth | |||||
Unassisted vaginal birth | 1 (0.6) | 30 (24.4) | 31 (10.5) | 314 (55.1) | <0.001 |
Instrumental vaginal birth | 0 (0.0) | 5 (4.1) | 5 (1.7) | 71 (12.5) | |
Planned caesarean birth | 140 (82.8) | 50 (40.7) | 190 (64.4) | 107 (18.8) | |
Unplanned caesarean birth | 28 (16.6) | 38 (30.9) | 69 (23.4) | 77 (13.5) | |
Not stated | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | |
Admission to ICU | |||||
Yes | 65 (38.5) | 40 (32.5) | 105 (35.6) | 6 (1.1) | <0.001 |
No | 104 (61.5) | 81 (65.9) | 188 (63.7) | 564 (98.9) | |
Not stated | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.6) | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
Admission to HDU | |||||
Yes | 68 (40.2) | 32 (26.0) | 101 (34.2) | 8 (1.4) | <0.001 |
No | 100 (59.2) | 89 (72.4) | 191 (64.7) | 562 (98.6) | |
Not stated | 1 (0.6) | 2 (1.6) | 3 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Had hysterectomy | |||||
Yes | 142 (84.0) | 53 (43.1) | 196 (66.4) | 2 (0.4) | <0.001 |
No | 27 (16.0) | 69 (56.1) | 98 (33.2) | 568 (99.6) | |
Not stated | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
Maternal death | |||||
Yes | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.8) | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.12 |
No | 168 (99.4) | 122 (99.2) | 293 (99.3) | 570 (100.0) |
↵*Total number of cases versus control.
†Includes three cases where it was not known whether PA was suspected prior to birth.
ICU, intensive care unit; HDU, high dependency unit; PA, placenta accreta.