Clinical, haemodynamic and biochemical variables of the basic study
| Variable | Total population (n=704) |
| Clinical variables | |
| Age, years* | 61±15 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 457 (65%, 95% CI 61% to 68%) |
| Body mass index, kg/m²* | 26.83±5.87 |
| Time to inclusion, hours† | 14.9 (8.2, 19.8) |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 415 (59%, 95% CI 58% to 62%) |
| Positive end-expiratory pressure, cmH 2 O† | 7 (5, 8) |
| Heart rate, beats per min* | 89±21 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 47 (7%, 95% CI 5% to 9%) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg† | 114 (100, 132) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg† | 58 (52, 65) |
| Mean arterial pressure, mm Hg† | 75 (68, 86) |
| Central venous pressure, mm Hg† | 9 (5, 13) |
| Urine output over 1 hour, mL/kg/h† | 0.52 (0.26, 1.07) |
| Urine output over 6 hours, mL/kg/h† | 0.56 (0.32, 1.06) |
| Central temperature, °C* | 37.0±0.9 |
| Peripheral temperature, °C* | 28.1±4.0 |
| Central-to-peripheral delta temperature, °C* | 9.0±3.9 |
| Cold extremities, subjective, n (%) | 276 (39%, 95% CI 35% to 43%) |
| Capillary refill time sternum, s† | 3.0 (2.0, 3.0) |
| Capillary refill time finger, s† | 2.5 (2.0, 4.0) |
| Capillary refill time knee, s† | 3.0 (2.0, 5.0) |
| Mottling score | |
| Mild (grade 1) | 71 (11%, 95% CI 9% to 14%) |
| Moderate (grades 2–3) | 197 (30%, 95% CI 27% to 34%) |
| Severe (grades 4–5) | 31 (5%, 95% CI 3% to 7%) |
| Haemodynamic variables | |
| Cardiac output, L/min* | 5.20±1.96 |
| Cardiac index, L/min/m2* | 2.63±0.99 |
| Biochemical values | |
| Haemoglobin, mmol/L* | 6.7±1.5 |
| Lactate, mmol/L† | 1.5 (0.9, 2.3) |
*Mean±SD.
†Median (IQR).