Parameter | No antithrombotic therapy n=8128 | Treated with AC n=33 413 | OR (95% CI) | p Value | ||
n | % | n | % | |||
Patient age (years) | <0.0001 | |||||
<65 | 1299 | 16 | 2016 | 6.0 | 1.64 (1.47 to 1.83) | |
65–74 | 2214 | 27.2 | 8780 | 26.3 | Reference | |
75–84 | 2367 | 29.1 | 14 363 | 43.0 | 1.09 (0.99 to 1.20) | |
≥85 | 2248 | 27.7 | 8254 | 24.7 | 1.86 (1.68 to 2.07) | |
Gender: male (reference=female) | 4450 | 54.7 | 14 580 | 43.6 | 0.51 (0.46 to 0.56) | <0.0001 |
Country | ||||||
England | 5936 | 73.0 | 22 909 | 68.6 | Reference | <0.0001 |
Wales | 884 | 10.9 | 4524 | 13.5 | 0.80 (0.69 to 0.93) | |
Scotland | 1029 | 12.7 | 4231 | 12.7 | 1.09 (0.96 to 1.23) | |
Northern Ireland | 279 | 3.4 | 1749 | 5.2 | 0.69 (0.57 to 0.83) | |
Time since NVAF diagnosis | <0.0001 | |||||
<6 months | 592 | 7.3 | 2121 | 6.3 | Reference | |
6–12 months | 427 | 5.3 | 2175 | 6.5 | 0.71 (0.61 to 0.82) | |
12–24 months | 864 | 10.6 | 3886 | 11.6 | 0.82 (0.71 to 0.94) | |
2–5 years | 2086 | 25.7 | 8496 | 25.4 | 0.93 (0.82 to 1.06) | |
≥5 years | 4159 | 51.2 | 16 735 | 50.1 | 1.07 (0.94 to 1.23) | |
Previous OAC treatment | <0.0001 | |||||
No previous OAC | 5137 | 63.2 | 21 189 | 63.4 | Reference | |
NOAC only | 189 | 2.3 | 411 | 1.2 | 1.82 (1.36 to 2.43) | |
VKA and NOAC | 159 | 2.0 | 490 | 1.5 | 1.50 (1.23 to 1.84) | |
VKA only | 2643 | 32.5 | 11 323 | 33.9 | 0.97 (0.88 to 1.07) | |
Previous stroke/TIA/arterial TE | 968 | 11.9 | 7341 | 22.0 | 0.55 (0.48 to 0.64) | <0.0001 |
Congestive heart failure | 889 | 10.9 | 6685 | 20.0 | 0.76 (0.69 to 0.84) | <0.0001 |
Previous coronary artery disease | 1212 | 14.9 | 9636 | 28.8 | 0.76 (0.70 to 0.84) | <0.0001 |
Hypertension | 7695 | 94.7 | 32 869 | 98.4 | 0.62 (0.53 to 0.72) | <0.0001 |
CHA2DS2-VASc score | <0.0001 | |||||
2 | 2212 | 27.2 | 3444 | 10.3 | Reference | |
3 | 2034 | 25 | 7482 | 22.4 | 0.48 (0.43 to 0.54) | |
4 | 2057 | 25.3 | 9656 | 28.9 | 0.33 (0.28 to 0.39) | |
5 | 987 | 12.1 | 6544 | 19.6 | 0.28 (0.22 to 0.35) | |
≥6 | 838 | 10.27 | 6287 | 18.9 | 0.27 (0.20 to 0.36) | |
Previous bleed | <0.0001 | |||||
No bleed | 5382 | 66.2 | 21 577 | 64.6 | Reference | |
Intracranial bleed | 289 | 3.6 | 404 | 1.2 | 8.03 (6.43 to 10.02) | |
Gastrointestinal bleed | 1016 | 12.5 | 4001 | 11.8 | 1.24 (1.14 to 1.35) | |
Other bleed | 1441 | 17.7 | 7473 | 22.4 | 0.91 (0.85 to 0.97) | |
History of peptic ulcer | 465 | 5.7 | 1743 | 5.2 | 1.36 (1.21 to 1.52) | <0.0001 |
History of anaemia | 227 | 2.8 | 880 | 2.6 | 1.44 (1.24 to 1.67) | <0.0001 |
History of fall | 2097 | 25.8 | 8211 | 24.6 | 1.20 (1.13 to 1.28) | <0.0001 |
Renal disease | 2148 | 26.4 | 11 542 | 34.5 | 0.90 (0.84 to 0.96) | 0.0016 |
Liver disease | 109 | 1.3 | 214 | 0.6 | 2.39 (1.87 to 3.05) | <0.0001 |
Active cancer | 455 | 3.9 | 1367 | 4.1 | 1.19 (1.06 to 1.35) | 0.0053 |
Number of comedications | <0.0001 | |||||
<5 | 3384 | 41.6 | 6879 | 20.6 | Reference | |
5–9 | 2791 | 34.3 | 14 825 | 44.4 | 0.49 (0.45 to 0.52) | |
10–14 | 1271 | 15.6 | 7782 | 23.3 | 0.46 (0.43 to 0.50) | |
≥15 | 682 | 8.4 | 3927 | 11.8 | 0.53 (0.48 to 0.59) |
GEE, generalised estimating equations; NOAC, novel oral anticoagulant; NVAF, non-valvular atrial fibrillation; OAC, oral anticoagulant; TE, thromboembolism; TIA, transient ischaemic attack; VKA, vitamin K antagonist.