Characteristics of the participants in the total sample
| Salut area* | Non-Salut area* | |||
| Pre† | Post† | Pre† | Post† | |
| Participants | ||||
| Mothers, n | 918 | 828 | 6056 | 5737 |
| Children, n | 1003 | 888 | 6664 | 6059 |
| Covariates | ||||
| Mother’s age (years), mean (SD) | 29.7 (5.3) | 29.7 (5.2) | 30.3 (4.9) | 30.3 (5.0) |
| Mother’s education, % | ||||
| Compulsory school | 11.0 | 11.3 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| Secondary school | 51.2 | 48.1 | 44.5 | 36.8 |
| Higher education | 37.8 | 40.6 | 48.0 | 55.7 |
| Health outcomes | ||||
| Pregnancy, delivery and around the child’s birth | ||||
| Smokingठ(yes), % | 8.4 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 3.8 |
| Pregnancy length‡ (≥37 weeks), % | 92.6 | 95.0 | 94.4 | 94.6 |
| Caesarean section‡ (yes), % | 17.2 | 18.1 | 16.4 | 16.4 |
| Birth weight¶ (≥2500 g), % | 94.8 | 96.9 | 96.5 | 96.4 |
| Birth length¶ (cm), mean (SD) | 50.3 (2.8) | 50.3 (2.9) | 50.5 (2.5) | 50.3 (2.5) |
| LGA¶** (yes), % | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 3.4 |
| SGA¶†† (yes), % | 2.5 | 2.5 | 1.7 | 1.9 |
| Apgar score¶‡‡ (≥7 points) | ||||
| At 1 min, % | 95.8 | 96.3 | 95.3 | 94.6 |
| At 5 min, % | 99.1 | 99.4 | 98.7 | 98.5 |
| At 10 min, % | 99.7 | 99.8 | 99.7 | 99.6 |
| Healthy child¶§§ (yes), % | 79.3 | 81.1 | 77.8 | 79.2 |
| Mother’s inpatient care‡¶¶ (days), mean (SD) | 3.7 (2.8) | 3.1 (2.0) | 3.6 (2.6) | 2.9 (2.2) |
| During the first 2 years after the child’s birth | ||||
| Mother with early inpatient care‡*** (yes), % | 1.1 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 1.3 |
| Child with early inpatient care¶*** (yes), % | 6.9 | 4.2 | 6.9 | 4.3 |
| Mother’s inpatient care‡††† (days), mean (SD) | 0.4 (2.1) | 0.5 (3.2) | 0.5 (5.3) | 0.5 (4.5) |
| Child’s inpatient care¶‡‡‡ (days), mean (SD) | 1.9 (12.8) | 1.5 (8.2) | 1.5 (8.1) | 1.4 (9.6) |
| Mother’s outpatient visits‡ ‡‡‡, mean (SD) | 0.0 (0.1) | 0.0 (0.1) | 0.0 (0.1) | 0.0 (0.1) |
| Child’s outpatient visits¶‡‡‡, mean (SD) | 0.0 (0.2) | 0.1 (0.4) | 0.0 (0.2) | 0.1 (0.7) |
*Salut area, geographical area in Västerbotten county where the Salut Programme was implemented prior to 2009; non-Salut area, remaining part of Västerbotten county.
†Premeasure period, 2002–2004; postmeasure period, 2006–2008.
‡Outcome maternal health.
§Smoking status at first antenatal visit, around pregnancy week 12.
¶Outcome child health.
**LGA, ≥2 SD above the reference population’s mean weight.
††SGA, ≤2 SD below the reference population’s mean weight.
‡‡A measure of the newborn’s physical condition 1, 5 and 10 min after birth, range 0–10.
§§A healthy child according to a paediatrician’s examination.
¶¶Mother’s inpatient care related to delivery.
***Early inpatient care for mother and child, respectively, during the first 2 months after the child’s birth but not related to the delivery.
†††Cumulative duration of inpatient care for mother and child, respectively, over the child’s first 2 years, excluding care due to delivery complications.
‡‡‡Number of outpatient visits for mother and child, respectively, over the child’s first 2 years, excluding care for the mother due to delivery complications.
LGA, large for gestational age; SGA, small for gestational age.