Characteristics of the study population
| All n=17 985 | DM n=1749 | Pre-DM n=1633 | NGT n=14 603 | |
| Age | 44.1±13.9 | 55.7±11.2*† | 51.4±11.8‡ | 41.8±13.4 |
| Men (%) | 46.2% | 55.5%† | 52.5%‡ | 44.4% |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.2±3.1 | 26.3±3.7† | 26.1±3.6‡ | 23.7±3.5 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 120.9±18.2 | 134.8±20.6† | 134.9±19.8‡ | 117.7±16.1 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 76.9±11.4 | 83.0±11.8*† | 84.2±11.4‡ | 75.4±10.8 |
| CCR (mL/min) | 99.8±26.4 | 94.1±32.0*† | 96.8±26.4‡ | 100.8±25.5 |
| UA (men) (mmol/L) | 358.6±73.0 | 340.1±79.1*† | 362.2±81.1 | 360.9±70.5 |
| UA (women) (mmol/L) | 265.8±59.3 | 288.5±73.6*† | 278.8±67.1‡ | 262.4±56.3 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.6±1.4 | 8.4±2.6*† | 6.4±0.3‡ | 5.2±0.4 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.8±0.9 | 5.0±1.1† | 5.1±1.0‡ | 4.7±0.9 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.5±1.3 | 2.2±2.0*† | 1.9±1.4‡ | 1.3±1.2 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.3±0.4 | 1.3±0.4*† | 1.3±0.3‡ | 1.3±0.4 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.9±0.8 | 2.9±0.8 | 2.9±0.8 | 2.9±0.8 |
| DR | 266/1.5% | 142/8.1%*† | 22/1.4% | 102/0.7% |
| Abdominal obesity | 37.3% | 69.0%*† | 57.9% | 31.3% |
*DM vs pre-DM, p<0.05.
†DM vs NGT, p<0.05.
‡Pre-DM vs NGT, p<0.05.
BMI, body mass index; CCR, creatinine clearance rate; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; DR, diabetic retinopathy; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NGT, normal glucose tolerance; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; UA, uric acid.