Relationship between CVD risk, HOMA-IR index and other factors, multivariable analysis
| Variables | CVD risk with DAD equation | CVD risk with Framingham equation | ||
| Adjusted β* | p | Adjusted β** | p | |
| HOMA-IR index | 0.18 | 0.429 | 0.64 | 0.001 |
| Socio-demographic characteristics | ||||
| Occupation (employed/unemployed) | 0.09 | 0.616 | −0.11 | 0.512 |
| Education (secondary or high/primary or less) | 0.01 | 0.976 | 0.20 | 0.216 |
| Place of residence (urban/rural) | / | / | 0.14 | 0463 |
| Physical activity (yes/no) | 0.23 | 0.217 | 0.05 | 0.809 |
| Hazardous alcohol consumption (yes/no) | / | / | / | / |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Past history of CVD (yes/no) | / | / | / | / |
| Body mass index | / | / | −0.34 | 0206 |
| Waist circumference | 0.14 | 0.532 | 0.32 | 0.066 |
| Hip circumference | / | / | 0.14 | 0.894 |
| WHO clinical stages (3 or 4/1 or 2) | / | / | / | / |
| Duration of HIV infection | 0.54 | 0.022 | −0.10 | 0.702 |
| ART (yes/no) | / | / | / | / |
| ART line (second /first) | / | / | −0.18 | 0.331 |
| ART duration | / | / | −0.20 | 0.971 |
| NRTIs (yes/no) | / | / | / | / |
| NNRTIs (yes/no) | / | / | / | / |
| PIs (yes/no) | / | / | / | / |
| PI duration | / | / | / | / |
| Biological characteristics | ||||
| Virus serotype (2 and 1+2/1) | / | / | / | / |
| CD4 count | / | / | / | / |
| Viral load (detectable/undetectable) | −0.31 | 0.117 | 0.14 | 0.393 |
| LDL-C | −0.01 | 0.994 | −0.12 | 0.628 |
| Triglycerides | −0.06 | 0.752 | −0.13 | 0.469 |
| Any dyslipidaemia (yes/no) | / | / | / | / |
| Metabolic syndrome (yes/no) | / | / | / | / |
*Adjusted for: occupation, level of education, physical activity, waist circumference, duration of HIV infection, viral load, LDL-C and triglycerides.
**Adjusted for: occupation, level of education, place of residency, physical activity, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, duration of HIV infection, ART duration, ART line, viral load, LDL-C and triglycerides.
‡β, Regression coefficient.
ART, antiretroviral therapy; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NNRT, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor.