Sex-related hormones of all subjects with and without thyroid nodules (TNs)
| ≥60 years | <60 years | |||||
| TN(−) | TN(+) | p | TN(−) | TN(+) | p | |
| N(%) | 724 (47.9) | 788 (52.1) | − | 1632 (65.0) | 879 (35.0) | − |
| Total T (nmol/L) | 18.73±7.31 | 17.66±6.51 | 0.006 | 16.19±5.48 | 15.36±5.25 | 0.001 |
| E2 (pmol/L) | 128.17±71.55 | 128.14±64.91 | 0.791 | 98.36±55.44 | 97.10±54.04 | 0.618 |
| E2/T ratio | 7.58±6.12 | 7.91±4.64 | 0.023 | 6.54±5.32 | 7.56±19.16 | 0.033 |
| FSH (IU/L) | 12.57±9.96 | 12.72±10.67 | 0.893 | 6.67±4.60 | 7.10±4.67 | 0.002 |
| LH (IU/L) | 7.56±4.83 | 7.61±5.03 | 0.916 | 4.76±2.69 | 4.89±2.48 | 0.085 |
| SHBG (nmol/L) | 63.64±29.58 | 58.71±26.25 | 0.002 | 39.33±20.17 | 36.58±16.69 | 0.006 |
E2, oestradiol; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; LH, luteinising hormone; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; T, testosterone; TN(+); participants with thyroid nodule(s); TN(-); participants without thyroid nodule.