Table 3

Factors associated with any HPV infection: unadjusted and adjusted

	Any HPV infection		Univariate			Multivariate
	Negative (n)	Positive (n)	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p
Among male participants
Total observations	158	18				171
Age (years)			0.90*	0.67 to 1.20	0.465	0.92*	0.66 to 1.27	0.605
Education					0.173			0.239
Primary and secondary	66	10	1.00	–		1.00	–
Technical training	44	6	0.90	0.31 to 2.65		1.02	0.31 to 3.34
University grade	48	2	0.28	0.06 to 1.31		0.27	0.05 to 1.32
Occupation					0.813
Student	146	17	1.00	–
Employed	11	1	0.78	0.09 to 6.43
Religion					0.618
Christian	146	16	1.00	–
Other	12	2	1.52	0.31 to 7.41
Age at sexual debut					0.268			0.191
Less than 18	101	14	1.00	–		1.00	–
18 or more	54	4	0.53	0.17 to 1.70		0.43	0.12 to 1.52
Number of sex partners in the last 6 months					0.254
0–1	101	9	1.00	–
>1	57	9	1.77	0.67 to 4.72
Condom use in the last sexual intercourse					0.822
No	40	5	1.00	–
Yes	118	13	0.88	0.30 to 2.63
Had a STI in life					0.097			0.057
No	137	13	1.00	–		1.00	–
Yes	19	5	2.77	0.89 to 8.65		3.21	0.97 to 10.64
HIV infection					0.347
Positive	3	1	3.04	0.30 to 30.86
Negative	155	17	1.00	–
Among female participants
Total observations	86	150				234
Age (years)			0.87*	0.74 to 1.02	0.091	0.88*	0.75 to 1.04	0.139
Education					0.246			0.267
Primary and secondary	51	86	1.00	–		1.00	–
Technical training	17	42	1.47	0.76 to 2.84		1.57	0.80 to 3.11
University grade	18	22	0.72	0.36 to 1.48		0.81	0.39 to 1.68
Occupation					0.521
Student	83	142	1.00	–
Employed	3	8	1.56	0.40 to 6.04
Religion					0.862
Christian	78	135	1.00	–
Other	8	15	1.08	0.44 to 2.67
Age at sexual debut					0.041			0.109
Less than 18	55	115	1.00	–		1.00	–
18 or more	30	34	0.54	0.30 to 0.97		0.61	0.33 to 1.12
Number of sex partners in the last 6 months					0.055			0.150
0–1	79	124	1.00	–		1.00	–
>1	7	26	2.37	0.98 to 5.71		1.94	0.79 to 4.80
Condom use in the last sexual intercourse					1.000
No	34	60	1.00	–
Yes	51	90	1.00	0.58 to 1.72
Had a STI in life					0.665
No	58	97	1.00	–
Yes	28	53	1.13	0.65 to 1.98
HIV infection					0.258
Positive	4	13	1.95	0.61 to 6.17
Negative	82	137	1.00	–

*Associated effect of 1-year increase.
HPV, human papillomavirus.