Comparison between newborns of metal load between subgroups according to the mothers ‘proximal exposure’. The metal load in newborns of different subgroups were compared with each other. Analysis was by multiple quantile regression on median values as linear function of the independent variable, ‘proximal exposure’. For ease in reading the data, the colour yellow indicates that the group in the column on the left in each panel has significantly higher load (p<0.05) than the one in the column on the right in the same panel. If vice versa, the line is enhanced in green colour. Panel C compares exposure subgroups 1+2 with 3; panel D compares exposure subgroups 1 with 2
Newborn | ||||||||
C | ||||||||
Metal | Median exposures 1+2 | 95% CI | Median exposure 3 | 95% CI | Difference | p>|t| | 95% CI - INF | 95% CI -SUP |
Al | 4.98 | 4.3 to 5.66 | 5.71 | 4.72 to6.7 | −0.73 | 0.233 | −1.929914 | 0.4699142 |
Fe | 28.53 | 25.41 to 31.65 | 31.82 | 27.29to-36.35 | −3.289999 | 0.241 | −8.794128 | 2.21413 |
Mg | 160 | 152.59 to 167.41 | 157 | 146.23 to 167.77 | 3 | 0.652 | −10.07445 | 16.07445 |
Mn | 0.33 | 0.28 to 0.38 | 0.3 | 0.23 to0.37 | 0.03 | 0.478 | −0.0530647 | 0.1130647 |
Ba | 0.43 | 0.38 to0.48 | 0.36 | 0.29 to0.43 | 0.07 | 0.108 | −0.0153842 | 0.1553842 |
As | 0.012 | 0.011 to0.013 | 0.011 | 0.009 to0.013 | 0.001 | 0.344 | −0.0010762 | 0.0030762 |
Cd | 0.0061 | 0.005 to 0.007 | 0.0053 | 0.004 to 0.007 | 0.0008 | 0.398 | −0.0010599 | 0.0026599 |
Co | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0 | |||||
Cr | 0.12 | 0.1 to 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.1 to 0.16 | −0.01 | 0.601 | −0.0475405 | 0.0275405 |
Cu | 7.64 | 7.37 to 7.91 | 7.87 | 7.48 to 8.26 | −0.23 | 0.339 | −0.7023612 | 0.2423612 |
Hg | 0.0592 | 0.05 to 0.07 | 0.0544 | 0.04 to 0.06 | 0.0048 | 0.46 | −0.0079632 | 0.0175632 |
Ni | 0.2 | 0.17 to 0.23 | 0.18 | 0.13 to 0.23 | 0.02 | 0.492 | −0.0371107 | 0.0771107 |
Pb | 0.23 | 0.2 to 0.26 | 0.22 | 0.17 to0.27 | 0.01 | 0.736 | −0.0481337 | 0.0681337 |
Sr | 2.96 | 2.76 to 3.16 | 3.05 | 2.75 to 3.35 | −0.0899999 | 0.623 | −0.4492506 | 0.2692508 |
Ti | 0.26 | 0.22 to 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.19 to 0.31 | 0.01 | 0.784 | −0.061673 | 0.081673 |
U | 0.0017 | 0.001 to 0.002 | 0.0014 | 0.001 to 0.002 | 0.0003 | 0.277 | −0.0002415 | 0.0008415 |
V | 0.011 | 0.009 to 0.013 | 0.012 | 0.01 to 0.014 | −0.001 | 0.486 | −0.0038153 | 0.0018153 |
W | 0.05 | 0.04 to 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.03 to0.05 | 0.01 | 0.169 | −0.0042687 | 0.0242687 |
Zn | 203.48 | 196.77 to 210.19 | 205.68 | 195.92 to215.44 | −2.199997 | 0.715 | −14.04812 | 9.648124 |
D | ||||||||
Metal | Median exposure 1 | 95% CI | Median exposure 2 | 95% CI | Difference | p>|t| | 95% CI - INF | 95% CI -SUP |
Al | 4.55 | 3.892 to 5.208 | 6.99 | 5.561 to8.419 | −2.44 | 0.002 | −4.012933 | −0.867066 |
Fe | 26.83 | 23.489 to30.171 | 36.64 | 29.457 to 43.824 | −9.809999 | 0.015 | −17.73244 | −1.887563 |
Mg | 153 | 145.207 to 160.793 | 188 | 171.334 to 204.666 | −35 | 0 | −53.39833 | −16.60167 |
Mn | 0.3 | 0.229 to 0.371 | 0.86 | 0.703 to 1.017 | −0.56 | 0 | −0.7319964 | −0.3880036 |
Ba | 0.4 | 0.342 to 0.458 | 0.73 | 0.606 to 0.854 | −0.33 | 0 | −0.4673186 | −0.1926814 |
As | 0.011 | 0.009to 0.013 | 0.02 | 0.016 to 0.024 | −0.009 | 0 | −0.0128915 | −0.0051085 |
Cd | 0.0056 | 0.004 to 0.007 | 0.0104 | 0.008 to 0.013 | −0.0048 | 0 | −0.0074228 | −0.0021772 |
Co | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0 | |||||
Cr | 0.12 | 0.096 to 0.144 | 0.19 | 0.135 to 0.245 | −0.07 | 0.022 | −0.1296617 | −0.0103383 |
Cu | 7.31 | 7.005 to 7.615 | 8.8 | 8.144 to9.456 | −1.49 | 0 | −2.213651 | −0.7663499 |
Hg | 0.0618 | 0.054 to 0.069 | 0.0468 | 0.03 to0.063 | 0.015 | 0.103 | −0.003037 | 0.033037 |
Ni | 0.19 | 0.157 to0.223 | 0.29 | 0.214 to0.366 | −0.1 | 0.018 | −0.1830964 | −0.0169035 |
Pb | 0.2 | 0.167 to 0.233 | 0.3 | 0.226 to0.374 | −0.1 | 0.016 | −0.1812501 | −0.01875 |
Sr | 2.82 | 2.631 to 3.009 | 3.78 | 3.374 to4.186 | −0.96 | 0 | −1.407472 | −0.5125281 |
Ti | 0.24 | 0.195 to 0.285 | 0.45 | 0.352 to0.548 | −0.21 | 0 | −0.3172189 | −0.1027811 |
U | 0.0014 | 0.001 to 0.002 | 0.0029 | 0.002 to0.004 | −0.0015 | 0 | −0.0022334 | −0.0007666 |
V | 0.01 | 0.008– to 0.012 | 0.014 | 0.01 to0.018 | −0.004 | 0.044 | −0.0078844 | −0.0001156 |
W | 0.04 | 0.007 to 0.073 | 0.15 | 0.079 to 0.221 | −0.11 | 0.006 | −0.1880415 | −0.0319585 |
Zn | 201.73 | 195.873 to 207.587 | 213.65 | 201.058 to 226.242 | −11.92 | 0.092 | −25.80754 | 1.967541 |
*Al, aluminium; Fe, iron; Mg, magnesium; Mn, manganese; Ba, barium; As, arsenic; Cd, cadmium; Co, cobalt; Cr, chromium; Cs, cesium; Cu, copper; Hg, mercury; Ni, nickel; Pb, lead; Sr, strontium; Ti, titanium; U, uranium; V, vanadium; W, tungsten; Zn, zinc.