Switzerland | Denmark | Sweden | Austria | Italy | Netherlands | Germany | Belgium | Estonia | France | Spain | Czech Republic | |
n=1386 | n=873 | n=1009 | n=1983 | n=1423 | n=1092 | n=591 | n=1805 | n=2917 | n=1893 | n=1559 | n=2065 | |
Age, mean±SD* | 73.9±6.8 | 73.3±6.9 | 73.9±7.3 | 74.2±6.9 | 74.4±6.6 | 73.8±6.9 | 74.6±6.5 | 74.7±6.9 | 74.0±6.4 | 75.1±7.1 | 74.7±7.0 | 73.0±6.6 |
Women, %† | 55.8 | 54.2 | 53.6 | 57.5 | 57.3 | 55.3 | 55.2 | 58.3 | 67.9 | 58.3 | 58.0 | 59.0 |
Low education, %†‡ | 28.2 | 23.8 | 51.2 | 29.9 | 81.4 | 56.7 | 17.9 | 51.3 | 41.8 | 57.3 | 90.1 | 46.6 |
Living alone, %† | 36.6 | 38.8 | 42.7 | 38.0 | 27.4 | 41.0 | 38.4 | 34.1 | 43.0 | 38.6 | 26.0 | 32.3 |
Less than good SRH, %†‡ | 19.8 | 24.4 | 33.6 | 35.1 | 53.5 | 32.1 | 45.5 | 33.7 | 78.6 | 44.7 | 56.4 | 48.8 |
Mobility limitation(s), %†‡ | 18.3 | 24.7 | 26.3 | 42.5 | 52.8 | 26.2 | 37.2 | 37.5 | 43.6 | 40.3 | 49.6 | 47.6 |
ADL limitation(s), %†‡ | 8.2 | 9.6 | 12.2 | 14.5 | 16.0 | 8.0 | 18.8 | 20.0 | 19.9 | 15.6 | 17.9 | 12.4 |
Dizziness, %†‡ | 6.9 | 11.3 | 10.6 | 11.2 | 14.5 | 10.7 | 11.0 | 11.1 | 22.2 | 10.4 | 15.3 | 10.8 |
Impaired vision, %†‡ | 10.6 | 9.5 | 8.3 | 9.6 | 27.7 | 10.6 | 10.2 | 14.2 | 32.0 | 16.4 | 34.4 | 14.8 |
Depression, %†‡ | 17.9 | 13.7 | 19.4 | 21.6 | 37.7 | 18.3 | 24.1 | 29.9 | 43.6 | 34.0 | 41.0 | 25.9 |
Impaired cognition, %†‡ | 4.4 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 9.2 | 28.1 | 9.9 | 9.4 | 13.0 | 10.2 | 13.6 | 38.7 | 8.0 |
Baseline falling, %†‡§ | 3.1 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 7.0 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 6.5 | 7.3 | 7.7 | 9.8 | 6.6 |
Falling at follow-up, %†‡§ | 7.9 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 11.0 | 11.5 | 11.8 | 12.8 | 13.9 | 14.9 | 16.2 | 16.2 |
95% CI | 6.6 to 9.4 | 7.3 to 11.1 | 7.8 to 11.4 | 8.3 to 10.9 | 9.5 to 12.8 | 9.8 to 13.6 | 9.5 to 14.7 | 11.3 to 14.4 | 12.7 to 15.2 | 13.4 to 16.6 | 14.5 to 18.1 | 14.7 to 17.9 |
p-value<0.001, based on *t test and †χ2 test.
‡Missing N for variables: education=340; SRH=35; mobility=30; ADL=34; dizziness=37; vision=50; depression=480; cognition=397; falling=55.
§Reporting one or more falls within the 6 months prior to the interview.
ADL, activities of daily living; SRH, self-rated health.