Variable name | Tertiary hospitals (n=9142) | County–level hospitals (n=6828) | |||||
Adjusted OR | 95% CI | p Value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | p Value | ||
Age group (years) | ≥51 | 1.0 | Reference | 0.044 | 1.0 | reference | 0.027 |
≤30 | 1.500 | (1.092 to 2.061) | 0.012 | 1.606 | (1.115 to 2.314) | 0.011 | |
31–50 | 1.387 | (1.036 to 1.855) | 0.028 | 1.551 | (1.120 to 2.146) | 0.008 | |
Department | Other | 1.0 | Reference | <0.001 | 1.0 | reference | <0.001 |
Emergency | 2.993 | (2.364 to 3.789) | <0.001 | 3.387 | (2.648 to 4.332) | <0.001 | |
Internal medicine | 1.313 | (1.178 to 1.463) | <0.001 | 1.408 | (1.227 to 1.615) | <0.001 | |
Surgery | 1.341 | (1.187 to 1.514) | <0.001 | 1.644 | (1.414 to 1.912) | <0.001 | |
Gynaecology and obstetrics | 1.322 | (1.065 to 1.641) | <0.001 | 1.268 | (1.044 to 1.539) | 0.016 | |
Paediatrics | 1.433 | (1.172 to 1.753) | <0.001 | 2.391 | (1.934 to 2.956) | <0.001 | |
Years of experience | 1–4 | 1.0 | Reference | <0.001 | 1.0 | reference | <0.001 |
5–10 | 1.426 | (1.268 to 1.604) | <0.001 | 1.479 | (1.277 to 1.712) | <0.001 | |
11–20 | 1.627 | (1.358 to 1.951) | <0.001 | 1.300 | (1.045 to 1.618) | 0.018 | |
≥21 | 1.368 | (1.131 to 1.656) | 0.001 | 1.192 | (0.949 to 1.498) | 0.131 | |
Working time (hours) | >8 hours | 1.0 | reference | <0.001 | |||
0–2 hours | 0.852 | (0.469 to 1.548) | 0.599 | ||||
2–4 hours | 0.762 | (0.507 to 1.145) | 0.191 | ||||
4–6 hours | 0.492 | (0.329 to 0.735) | 0.001 | ||||
6–8 hours | 0.720 | (0.647 to 0.800) | <0.001 | ||||
Direct contact with patients (hours) | 0–2 hours | 1.0 | Reference | <0.001 | 1.0 | reference | <0.001 |
2–4 hours | 1.832 | (1.230 to 2.728) | 0.003 | 1.201 | (0.744 to 1.938) | 0.454 | |
4–6 hours | 2.722 | (1.939 to 3.819) | <0.001 | 1.220 | (0.785 to 1.895) | 0.377 | |
6–8 hours | 3.054 | (2.247 to 4.152) | <0.001 | 1.710 | (1.134 to 2.580) | 0.011 |
*This analysis used data from 44 public tertiary hospitals and 90 public county-level hospitals in China.