Hypokalaemic | Non-hypokalaemic | p Value | |
Number of patients (male/female) | 94 (35/59) | 295 (139/156) | 0.093 |
Age (years) | 69.5±16.7 | 68.2±15.9 | 0.334 |
Body weight (kg)† | 51.2±12.8 | 54.6±14.5 | 0.182 |
Disease (dementia/other psychiatric disorder) | 42/52 | 157/138 | 0.149 |
YK preparation treatment | |||
YK/YKCH | 86/8* | 237/58 | 0.012 |
Full dose | 66 (70.2%)* | 163 (55.3%) | 0.010 |
Dosing periods (days) | 169 (8 to 2280)* | 266 (6 to 2788) | 0.048 |
Dosing period until hypokalaemia (days) | 34 (1 to 1600) | – | – |
Co-administration of LPIDs | 36 (38.3%)* | 51 (17.3%) | <0.001 |
Diuretics (loop/thiazide) | 10/4 | 15/7 | – |
Glucocorticoids/mineralocorticoid | 18/0 | 23/2 | – |
Glycyrrhizin preparation | 7 | 18 | – |
Serum potassium (mEq/L) | |||
Baseline | 4.0±0.3* | 4.2±0.4 | <0.001 |
Minimum | 3.2±0.3* | 4.1±0.3 | <0.001 |
∆ potassium | −0.7 (−3.0 to −0.1)* | −0.1 (−1.3 to 1.1) | <0.001 |
Laboratory abnormality at baseline‡ | |||
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 11 (11.7%) | 24 (8.1%) | 0.293 |
Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 14 (14.9%)* | 29 (9.8%) | 0.009 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 47 (50.0%)* | 86 (29.2%) | <0.001 |
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 37 (39.4%)* | 78 (26.4%) | 0.017 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 28 (29.8%) | 107 (36.3%) | 0.250 |
Sodium (mEq/L) | 7 (7.4%) | 17 (5.8%) | 0.555 |
Chloride (mEq/L) | 11 (11.7%) | 39 (13.2%) | 0.702 |
The data are presented as number of patients, mean±SD or median (range).
*p<0.05 versus non-hypokalaemia.
†The number of patients whose weight was recorded was 85 with hypokalaemia and 224 with non-hypokalaemia.
‡The number of patients with abnormal laboratory data at baseline.
The normal ranges for laboratory data are: aspartate aminotransferase, 8.0–38.0 U/L; alanine aminotransferase, 4.0–44.0 U/L; albumin, 3.8–5.3 g/dL; blood urea nitrogen, 8.0–20.0 mg/dL; creatinine, 0.61–1.04 mg/dL (male) and 0.47–0.79 mg/dL (female); sodium, 135.0–147.0 mEq/L; chloride, 98.0–108.0 mEq/L.
LPIDs, lower potassium-inducing drugs; YK, Yokukansan; YKCH, Yokukansan-ka-chimpihange.