Clinical characteristics of the patients
| Clinical variables | Group A (n=268) | Group B (n=771) | Group C (n=384) | Group D (n=216) | p Value |
| Age (years) | 57.5±5.4 | 57.6±5.5 | 57.5±5.6 | 57.0±6.2 | 0.594 |
| Female subjects, n (%) | 174 (64.9) | 532 (69.0) | 280 (72.9) | 141 (65.3) | 0.104 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 38 (14.2) | 82 (10.6) | 38 (9.9) | 21 (9.7) | 0.293 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 33 (12.3) | 97 (12.6) | 39 (10.2) | 23 (10.6) | 0.617 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 14 (5.2) | 43 (5.6) | 24 (6.3) | 20 (9.3) | 0.217 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 18 (6.7) | 45 (5.8) | 16 (4.2) | 10 (4.6) | 0.462 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 146 (54.5) | 504 (65.4) | 252 (65.6) | 128 (59.3) | 0.006 |
| NYHA>II, n (%) | 109 (40.7) | 316 (41.0) | 189 (49.2) | 125 (57.9) | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 89.6±26.4 | 88.0±24.3 | 88.0±26.1 | 84.2±24.5 | 0.116 |
| Haemoglobin (g/L) | 137.5±14.0 | 135.4±15.9 | 131.3±16.8 | 130.6±15.8 | <0.001 |
| LVEF, % | 61.7±9.7 | 62.1±8.4 | 60.1±9.6 | 62.1±10.2 | 0.004 |
| RV diameter, mm | 48.9±7.7 | 50.2±6.8 | 53.7±7.6 | 55.5±9.0 | <0.001 |
| LVEDD index, mm/m² | 50.5±9.8 | 49.0±7.9 | 49.0±8.6 | 45.4±9.2 | <0.001 |
| MR volume, cm2 | |||||
| <4 | 107 (39.9) | 278 (36.1) | 147 (38.3) | 104 (48.1) | 0.003 |
| 4–8 | 73 (27.2) | 208 (27.0) | 82 (21.4) | 35 (16.2) | |
| >8 | 88 (32.8) | 285 (37.0) | 155 (40.4) | 77 (35.6) | |
| MVA≤1.5 cm2 | 228 (85.1) | 670 (86.9) | 323 (84.1) | 194 (89.8) | 0.222 |
| TR volume, cm2 | 1.9 (0, 3.2) | 4.8 (2.8, 7.4) | 8.3 (5.3, 11.4) | 10.4 (6.9, 14.3) | <0.001 |
| Aortic valve replacement | 107 (39.9) | 302 (39.2) | 152 (39.6) | 83 (38.4) | 0.988 |
| CABG | 17 (6.3) | 35 (4.5) | 14 (3.6) | 10 (4.6) | 0.452 |
| In-hospital death | 5 (1.9) | 18 (2.3) | 18 (4.7) | 22 (10.2) | <0.001 |
CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting.; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MR, mitral regurgitation; MVA, mitral valve area; NYHA, New York Heart Association; RV, right ventricle; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.