Demographic characteristics of pregnant women included in this study
| Characteristics | Frequency | Positive culture (N) | Percentage | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||||
| <20 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20–30 | 114 | 12 | 11 | 0.29 |
| >30 | 54 | 5 | 9 | |
| Gestational age | ||||
| First trimester | 14 | 0 | 0 | |
| Second trimester | 27 | 5 | 19 | 0.86 |
| Third trimester | 129 | 12 | 9 | |
| Parity | ||||
| Grand multipara | 12 | 0 | 0 | |
| Multiparous | 119 | 13 | 11 | |
| Primigravida | 39 | 4 | 10 | 0.11 |
| Educational level | ||||
| College | 19 | 1 | 6 | |
| Elementary | 15 | 1 | 7 | |
| Graduate | 32 | 3 | 9 | 0.69 |
| High school | 80 | 10 | 13 | |
| Junior school | 24 | 2 | 8 | |
| Socioeconomic level | ||||
| High | 14 | 0 | 0 | |
| Intermediate | 52 | 3 | 6 | 0.08 |
| Low | 104 | 14 | 13 | |
| Direction of wash genitals | ||||
| Back to front | 102 | 15 | 15 | |
| Front to back | 68 | 2 | 3 | 0.03 |
| Number of bathing and changing underwear (week) | ||||
| 1–3 times | 119 | 12 | 10 | |
| >3 times | 51 | 5 | 10 | 0.69 |
| Number of sexual intercourse (week) | ||||
| 1–2 times | 92 | 6 | 7 | |
| >2 times | 78 | 11 | 14 | 0.01 |