Table 1

Baseline characteristics of participants enrolled in the study cohort by settings and ESAs (biosimilars, epoetin α originator or other originators)

	Chronic kidney disease setting (n=8161)									Oncology setting (n=5309)
	Biosimilars epoetin α		Originator epoetin α		Other originators			p Value biosimilars vs epoetin α originator	p Value biosimilars vs other originators	Biosimilars epoetin α		Originator epoetin α		Other originators			p Value biosimilars vs epoetin α originator	p Value biosimilars vs other originators
	(N=154)		(N=1614)		(N=6393)		Total (N=8161)			(N=453)		(N=1617)		(N=3239)		Total (N=5309)
	N	Per cent	N	Per cent	N	Per cent	Total (N=8161)			N	Per cent	N	Per cent	N	Per cent	Total (N=5309)
Gender								0.9722	0.7728
Male	84	54.5	878	54.4	3412	53.4	4374			233	51.4	810	50.1	1409	43.5	2452	0.6136	0.0015
Female	70	45.5	736	45.6	2981	46.6	3787			220	48.6	807	49.9	1830	56.5	2857
Age (years)								0.2059	0.1924
<45	2	1.3	42	2.6	162	2.5	206			20	4.4	94	5.8	169	5.2	283	0.1806	0.0931
45–64	9	5.8	150	9.3	631	9.9	790			126	27.8	486	30.1	1012	31.2	1624
64–84	54	35.1	469	29.1	1913	29.9	2436			226	49.9	804	49.7	1608	49.6	2638
>84	89	57.8	953	59.0	3687	57.7	4729			81	17.9	232	14.3	450	13.9	763
Mean (SD)	79.2 (10.2)		78.6 (13.6)		78.5 (12.8)			0.6179	0.5868	68.5 (11.9)		67.1 (12.6)		67.0 (12.5)			0.0210	0.0140
Baseline Hb levels (g/dL)								0.0168	0.3731								0.6748	0.1222
<8	10	6.5	114	7.1	279	4.4	403			29	6.4	118	7.3	165	5.1	312
8–10	92	59.7	1105	68.5	3848	60.2	5045			409	90.3	1460	90.3	3000	92.6	4869
10–11	50	32.5	349	21.6	2069	32.4	2468			12	2.6	32	2.0	68	2.1	112
≥11	2	1.3	46	2.9	197	3.1	245			3	0.7	7	0.4	6	0.2	16
Mean (SD)	9.3 (1.3)		9.2 (1.1)		9.5 (1.1)			0.1043	0.0871	9.0 (0.8)		8.9 (0.9)		9.0 (0.7)			0.2905	0.9440
Other ETP active
Special nutrition programme	9	5.8	72	4.5	552	8.6	633	0.4328	0.2215	1	0.2	2	0.1	3	0.1	6	0.6312	0.4375
Comorbidities in the previous 2 years
Diabetes	69	44.8	740	45.8	2756	43.1	3565	0.8038	0.6746	101	22.3	373	23.1	702	21.7	1176	0.7298	0.7636
Hypertension	50	32.5	680	42.1	2227	34.8	2957	0.0200	0.5422	82	18.1	259	16.0	557	17.2	898	0.2905	0.6335
Heart diseases	75	48.7	695	43.1	2098	32.8	2868	0.1774	<0.001	33	7.3	142	8.8	242	7.5	417	0.3114	0.8873
Arrhythmia	39	25.3	380	23.5	1122	17.6	1541	0.6195	0.0126	20	4.4	79	4.9	129	4.0	228	0.6783	0.6614
Heart failure	55	35.7	477	29.6	1399	21.9	1931	0.1113	<0.001	7	1.5	33	2.0	61	1.9	101	0.4983	0.6162
Cerebrovascular disease	21	13.6	295	18.3	794	12.4	1110	0.1509	0.6514	14	3.1	68	4.2	129	4.0	211	0.2823	0.3566
Arterial and venous thrombosis	1	0.6	47	2.9	129	2.0	177	0.0988	0.2290	8	1.8	42	2.6	87	2.7	137	0.3084	0.2467
Number of hospitalisations in the previous 2 years								0.0215	0.7635								0.2978	0.8025
0	42	27.3	285	17.7	1950	30.5	2277			102	22.5	340	21.0	686	21.2	1128
1	43	27.9	459	28.4	1807	28.3	2309			134	29.6	454	28.1	955	29.5	1543
2–3	48	31.2	568	35.2	1774	27.7	2390			144	31.8	498	30.8	1021	31.5	1663
>3	21	13.6	302	18.7	862	13.5	1185			73	16.1	325	20.1	577	17.8	975
ETP duration (months)
Mean (SD)	2.7 (1.6)		3.5 (2.3)		3.3 (1.6)			<0.0001	<0.0001	3.3 (1.9)		3.4 (1.7)		3.8 (1.6)			0.1738	<0.001
Number of ESA packages dispensed
Mean (SD)	7.8 (3.5)		9.0 (4.1)		4.2 (1.9)			0.0004	<0.0001	4.4 (1.1)		4.9 (2.7)		4.1 (1.3)			<0.001	<0.001
DDD
Mean (SD)	158.9 (192.2)		200.4 (240.5)		122.2 (131.1)			0.0378	0.0007	475.3 (33.6)		569.7 (314.1)		531.0 (267.2)			<0.001	<0.001

p Values in bold are significant. DDD, defined daily doses; ESA, erythropoiesis-stimulating agent; ETP, Electronic Therapeutic Plan; Hb, haemoglobin.