National prevalence and adjusted odds of cost-related non-adherence among respondents to the 2014 Commonwealth Fund International Health Policy Survey of Older Adults, stratified by income
| All incomes | Below-average income | Average income or above | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | CRNA % | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | CRNA % | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | CRNA % | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
| Australia | 6.8 | 2.17 (1.28 to 3.67) | 7.6 | 3.61 (1.57 to 8.26) | 5.5 | 1.48 (0.74 to 2.98) |
| Canada | 8.3 | 2.76 (1.66 to 4.59) | 11.7 | 5.43 (2.40 to 12.35) | 4.5 | 1.23 (0.64 to 2.40) |
| France | 1.6 | 0.47 (0.23 to 0.94) | 0.7 | 0.22 (0.05 to 0.95) | 2.5 | 0.57 (0.25 to 1.30) |
| Germany | 3.7 | 0.99 (0.52 to 1.91) | 5.3 | 1.80 (0.70 to 4.65) | 2.0 | 0.52 (0.19 to 1.44) |
| Netherlands | 4.0 | 1.18 (0.62 to 2.23) | 5.8 | 1.99 (0.76 to 5.21) | 2.9 | 0.73 (0.31 to 1.75) |
| New Zealand | 4.8 | 1.68 (0.87 to 3.23) | 5.3 | 2.43 (0.91 to 6.49) | 4.3 | 1.32 (0.54 to 3.23) |
| Norway | 2.4 | 0.66 (0.33 to 1.31) | 2.7 | 0.99 (0.36 to 2.72) | 2.2 | 0.52 (0.19 to 1.39) |
| Sweden | 2.4 | 0.80 (0.47 to 1.37) | 3.6 | 1.53 (0.66 to 3.53) | 1.5 | 0.41 (0.20 to 0.81) |
| Switzerland | 2.9 | 0.86 (0.48 to 1.56) | 3.4 | 1.46 (0.60 to 3.56) | 2.2 | 0.59 (0.24 to 1.44) |
| UK | 3.1 | Reference | 2.3 | Reference | 3.4 | Reference |
| USA | 16.8 | 6.09 (3.60 to 10.20) | 24.9 | 10.87 (4.76 to 25.00) | 9.7 | 3.30 (1.68 to 6.49) |
| Pseudo R2 | 0.148 | 0.165 | 0.086 | |||
Results reported in bold are significant at p=0.05. Adjusted ORs are from sample-weighted logistic regression models. Pooled income model controls for age group, sex, health status and household income (not shown). Income-stratified models control for age, sex and health status.
CRNA, cost-related non-adherence, sample-weighted prevalence.