Type of AED and IRR (95% CI) for any GP contact comparing exposed children to children unexposed to any AED
| Type of AED | n | Crude IRR (95% CI) | Adjusted IRR (95% CI)* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clonazepam | 465 | 1.07 (1.00 to 1.15) | 0.97 (0.90 to 1.04) |
| Oxcarbazepine | 511 | 1.14 (1.07 to 1.22) | 1.08 (1.00 to 1.15) |
| Lamotrigine | 1977 | 1.27 (1.22 to 1.31) | 0.99 (0.95 to 1.03) |
| Carbamazepine | 516 | 0.97 (0.91 to 1.04) | 0.96 (0.90 to 1.04) |
| Valproate | 610 | 1.16 (1.09 to 1.23) | 1.08 (1.01 to 1.15) |
| Levetiracetam | 196 | 1.69 (1.49 to 1.91) | 1.08 (0.95 to 1.23) |
IRRs and 95% CIs were estimated using negative binomial regression applying cluster robust variance to account for correlations in the children's use of GP services due to multiparity in the mothers. The number of children unexposed to any AED is 958 532.
*Adjusted for sex and date of birth of the children and maternal age, cohabitation status, income, education, diagnosis of substance abuse, depression and severe psychiatric disorders as well as use of antipsychotics, antidepressants and insulin.
AED, antiepileptic drug; GP, general practitioner; IRR, incidence rate ratio.