Table 1

Trial registration data for the EOLE study

Data categoryInformation
Primary registry and trial identifying numberClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02474745
Date of registration in primary registry5 June 2015
Secondary identifying numbersAU 1168, 2014-A01920-47, 150099B-22
Source(s) of monetary or material supportFrench Ministry of Health (grant number PHRC 2005 05.09)
Primary sponsorDélégation de la Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand
Secondary sponsor(s)NA
Contact for public queriescbarasinski@chu-clermontferrand.fr
Contact for scientific queriescbarasinski@chu-clermontferrand.fr
fvendittelli@chu-clermontferrand.fr
Public titleEffect of the type of maternal pushing during the second stage of labour on obstetric and neonatal outcome: a multicentre randomised trial—the EOLE Study
Scientific titleEffect of the type of maternal pushing during the second stage of labour on obstetric and neonatal outcome: a multicentre randomised trial—the EOLE Study
Countries of recruitmentFrance
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studiedDelivery, 2nd stage of labour
Intervention(s)Intervention group: Directed open-glottis pushing
Control group: Directed closed-glottis pushing
Key inclusion and exclusion criteriaAges eligible for study:≥18 years
Sexes eligible for study: Female
Accepts healthy volunteers: Yes
Inclusion criteria: Women who are nulliparous or multiparous (≥1 previous child), who attended a complete training session about the types of pushing assessed in this trial during prenatal childbirth preparation and parenthood classes (regardless of the type of prenatal preparation), for whom a vaginal delivery was planned at the end of pregnancy, admitted to the maternity ward between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation (≥37 and ≤42 weeks) in spontaneous or induced labour, with cervical dilation ≥7 cm, with a singleton pregnancy in cephalic presentation, who provided informed consent in writing and who speaks and writes French.
Exclusion criteria: Minors or adults incapable of providing consent for the study or with a disorder contraindicating prolonged pushing or with a uterine scar (previous caesarean or other surgery) or with a contraindication to vaginal delivery or a maternal disease that could justify in termination of the pregnancy (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets count syndrome, pre-eclampsia (hypertension with albuminuria >0.3 g per 24 hours), eclampsia, abruptio placentae, etc) or with a major genital haemorrhage or a major fetal malformation and/or hydramnios or oligohydramnios, and/or fetal growth restriction (<5th centile) diagnosed in utero, or with a fetal heart rate anomaly before randomisation or in utero fetal death or multiple pregnancy.
Study typeInterventional
Randomised, controlled, non-blinded multicentre superiority trial with 2 parallel groups
Date of first enrolmentJuly 2015
Target sample size250
Recruitment statusCurrently recruiting
Primary outcome(s)Composite criterion: spontaneous delivery without perineal lesion (episiotomy, spontaneous second-degree, third-degree or fourth-degree lacerations)
Key secondary outcomesOccurrence of perineal lesions such as episiotomy or a severe perineal laceration
Immediate postpartum haemorrhage
Effect on pelvic floor and urinary function (POP-Q and ICIQ-SF)
Women’s satisfaction, assessed by a validated Swiss questionnaire
  • ICIQ-SF, International Consultation on Incontinence modular Questionnaire-Short Form; NA, not applicable; POP-Q, Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System.