Table 4

Association of maternal caffeine consumption in each trimester and during the entire pregnancy with the presence of ADHD at the age of 11 years

Caffeine consumptionTotalBoysGirls
Crude analysis
N=3481
OR (95% CI)		Adjusted analysis*
N=2491
OR (95% CI)		Crude analysis
N=1803
OR (95% CI)		Adjusted analysis*
N=1274
OR (95% CI)		Crude analysis
N=1682
OR (95% CI)		Adjusted analysis*
N=1217
OR (95% CI)
1st trimester (N=3485), mg/day
 <100111111
 100–2991.13 (0.74 to 1.72)1.04 (0.62 to 1.73)1.15 (0.69 to 1.89)1.06 (0.57 to 1.98)1.27 (0.59 to 2.74)1.13 (0.44 to 2.90)
 ≥3001.27 (0.84 to 1.94)0.93 (0.55 to 1.60)1.31 (0.80 to 2.14)1.06 (0.57 to 1.96)1.22 (0.53 to 2.80)0.68 (0.21 to 2.17)
2nd trimester (N=3483), mg/day
 <100111111
 100-2991.9 (0.71 to 1.66)1.03 (0.61 to 1.74)1.04 (0.62 to 1.74)1.03 (0.55 to 1.94)1.39 (0.65 to 3.01)1.24 (0.48 to 3.22)
 ≥3001.20 (0.78 to 1.85)0.95 (0.55 to 1.63)1.19 (0.72 to 1.99)1.09 (0.58 to 2.03)1.33 (0.58 to 3.06)0.75 (0.24 to 2.38)
3rd trimester (N=3484), mg/day
 <100111111
 100-2990.98 (0.62 to 1.56)0.96 (0.55 to 1.68)0.89 (0.50 to 1.58)0.82 (0.40 to 1.68)1.46 (0.66 to 3.24)1.68 (0.64 to 4.40)
 ≥3001.38 (0.90 to 2.11)1.05 (0.61 to 1.81)1.28 (0.78 to 2.14)1.07 (0.57 to 2.02)1.78 (0.80 to 3.95)1.22 (0.41 to 3.60)
Entire pregnancy (n=3481), mg/day
 <100111111
 100-2991.19 (0.79 to 1.79)1.12 (0.68 to 1.84)1.16 (0.72 to 1.90)1.05 (0.57 to 1.92)1.47 (0.69 to 3.12)1.46 (0.58 to 3.68)
 ≥3001.22 (0.78 to 1.91)0.90 (0.51 to 1.59)1.20 (0.70 to 2.03)1.01 (0.52 to 1.95)1.45 (0.69 to 3.35)0.82 (0.25 to 2.65)

  • *Analysis adjusted for maternal mood symptoms during pregnancy, IEN, paternal education level and maternal conjugal situation.

  • ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; IEN, National Economic Index.