Study characteristics
| Author, year | Group | N (% F) | Mean age (SD) | Components | Comorbidity | Duration, weeks | Follow-up | Insomnia Definition | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ström, 2004 | Internet | 30 (66.7) | 46.2 (11.6) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | None | 5 | _ | DSM-IV | Sweden |
| Waiting list | 51 (62.7) | 43.9 (11.4) | Waiting | ||||||
| Ritterband, 2009 | Internet | 22 (81.8) | 44.68 (10.61) | SHE-CR-SC-SR | None | 9 | 6 months | DSM-IV-TR | America |
| Waiting list | 22 (72.7) | 45.05 (11.67) | Waiting | ||||||
| Vincent, 2009 | Internet | 59 (67.8) | – | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | None | 5 | 4 weeks | DSM-IV | Canada |
| Waiting list | 59 (66.1) | – | Waiting | ||||||
| Espie, 2012 | Internet | 55 (72.7) | 50.7 (13.8) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | None | 6 | 8 weeks | DSM-V | England |
| Treatment as usual | 54 (70.4) | 49.1 (13.7) | Waiting | ||||||
| Imagery relief therapy | 55 (76.4) | 47.3 (13.0) | SHE-HD-IT-SPD-BC | ||||||
| Lancee, 2012 | Internet | 214 (68.7) | 52.2 (11.4) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX-PI | None | 6 | 18 weeks, 48 weeks | DSM-IV-TR | Netherlands |
| Waiting list | 200 (68.0) | 51.9 (12.2) | Waiting | ||||||
| Paper-and-pencil | 203 (74.4) | 51.2 (12.8) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX-PI | ||||||
| Ritterband, 2012 | Internet | 14 (100) | 53.7 (10.8) | SHE-CR-SC-SR | Cancer | 9 | _ | DSM-IV-TR | America |
| Waiting list | 14 (71.4) | 59.6 (12.3) | Waiting | ||||||
| Lancee, 2013 | Internet | 133 (73.7) | 47.38 (11.83) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | None | 6 | 6 months | DSM-IV-TR | Netherlands |
| Internet+email | 129 (76.7) | 49.33 (13.19) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | ||||||
| Ho, 2014 | Internet | 104 (67.3) | 38.6 (11.8) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | None | 6 | 12 weeks | DSM-V | China |
| Waiting list | 105 (75.2) | 39.9 (12.7) | Waiting | ||||||
| Internet+telephone | 103 (70.9) | 36.9 (13.0) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | ||||||
| Holmqvist, 2014 | Internet | 39 (71.8) | – | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | None | 6 | 8 weeks | Author-defined | Canada |
| Telephone | 34 (79.4) | – | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | ||||||
| van Straten, 2014 | Internet | 59 (59.3) | 48.7 (13.8) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | None | 6 | 8 weeks | DSM-IV | Netherlands |
| Waiting list | 59 (81.4) | 50.1 (11.9) | Waiting | ||||||
| Blom, 2015a | Internet | 22 (36.4) | 46.1 (13.6) | SHE-CR-SC-SR | Depression | 9 | 6 months, 12 months | DSM-V | Sweden |
| ICBT for depression | 21 (65%) | 48.2 (11.0) | ICBT for depression | ||||||
| Blom, 2015b | Internet | 24 (33.0%) | 56.1 (10.2) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | None | 8 | 6 months | AASM | Sweden |
| Group | 24 (62.5%) | 52.6 (16.6) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | ||||||
| Lancee, 2015 | Internet | 36 (83.3%) | 47.47 (14.37) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | None | 6 | 3 months, 6 months | DSM-V | Netherlands |
| Waiting list | 27 (74.1%) | 49.98 (13.71) | |||||||
| Kaldo, 2015 | Internet | 73 (81.0) | 47 (15.2) | SHE-CR-SC-SR-RLX | None | 8 | 6 months, 12 months | AASM, ICSD | Sweden |
| Internet-based control | 75 (76.0) | 49 (15.6) | SHE- RLX-SM-Mind |
AASM, American Academy of Sleep Medicine; BC, breathing control; CR, cognitive restructuring; DSM-IV-TR, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision; F, female; HD, hierarchy development; ICBT, internet-based cognitive–behavioural therapy; ICSD, International Classification of Sleep Disorders; IT, imagery training; Mind, mindfulness; PI, paradoxical intention; RLX, relaxation; SC, stimulus control; SHE, sleep hygiene education; SM, stress management; SPD, scheduled pseudodesensitization; SR, sleep restriction.