Characteristics of included studies
| Studies | Country, location (setting) | Study design | Type of intervention | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adeyemo et al21 | Nigeria, Igbo-Ora and Idere (rural) | Feasibility study | Dietary modification | Reduction observed in 24-hour urinary sodium excretion, and in systolic and diastolic blood pressure |
| Cappuccio et al22 | Ghana, Ejisu-Juabeng and Kumasi districts (rural and semiurban) | Cluster randomised trial | Dietary modification and health promotion | Significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and changes observed in 24-hour urinary sodium excretion |
| Dowse et al23 | Mauritius (semiurban) | Cross-sectional survey | Health education and health promotion | Reduction in blood pressure, increased physical activity, but no effect observed on BMI. There was an unusual increase in blood sugar |
| Forrester et al24 | Nigeria, Igbo-Ora and Idere (rural) | Randomised control trial | Dietary modification | No significant association observed between changes in salt and blood pressure |
| Grace et al25 | South Africa, Mpumalanga and Gauteng (rural) | Non-randomised trial | Physical activity and health promotion | Minimal reductions observed in BMI and blood pressure. No reduction observed in total serum cholesterol |
| Mendis et al26 | Nigeria (semiurban) | Cluster randomised trial | Health education and health promotion | Significant reduction observed in blood pressure levels |
| Mtabaji et al27 | Tanzania (semiurban) | Randomised control trial | Dietary modification | A significant reduction in arterial blood pressure among male normotensives placed on low salt diet compared to those on high salt diet |
| Rossouw et al28 | South Africa, South-Western Cape (rural) | Quasi-experimental design | Health education and health promotion | Reduction in blood pressure in both sexes, and minimal reduction in BMI among females |
| Uusitalo et al29 | Mauritius (semiurban) | Cross-sectional survey | Dietary modification | Positive reduction observed in total serum cholesterol |
BMI, body mass index.