Risk factors for overweight among adolescent students in Nepal
| Overweight (n=44) | No overweight (n=316) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | No (%) | No (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | p Value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p Value |
| Age | ||||||
| 16–17 years | 35 (13.1) | 233 (86.9) | 1.38 (0.64 to 3.00) | 0.409 | 1.05 (0.37 to 2.94) | 0.927 |
| 18–19 years | 9 (9.8) | 83 (90.2) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 27 (15.9) | 143 (84.1) | 1.92 (1.00 to 3.67) | 0.048* | 2.64 (1.18 to 4.88) | 0.018* |
| Female | 17 (8.9) | 173 (91.1) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Advantaged | 32 (13.6) | 203 (86.4) | 1.48 (0.74 to 3.00) | 0.271 | 1.38 (0.57 to 3.31) | 0.476 |
| Relatively disadvantaged | 12 (9.6) | 113 (90.4) | 1 | 1 | ||
| School type | ||||||
| Private | 29 (16.1) | 151 (83.9) | 2.11 (1.09 to 4.09) | 0.027* | 2.10 (1.03 to 4.28) | 0.042* |
| Government | 15 (8.3) | 165 (91.7) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Mother's educational level | ||||||
| Formal education | 32 (14.2) | 194 (85.8) | 1.67 (0.30 to 1.20) | 0.148 | 0.85 (0.32 to 2.22) | 0.732 |
| No formal education | 12 (9.0) | 122 (91.0) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Mother's occupation | ||||||
| Working outside home also/employed/non-housewife | 27 (14.6) | 158 (85.4) | 1.59 (0.83 to 3.03) | 0.673 | 1.18 (0.54 to 2.60) | 0.673 |
| Unemployed/housewife | 17 (9.7) | 158 (90.3) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Family type | ||||||
| Nuclear | 34 (13.9) | 210 (86.1) | 1.72 (0.82 to 3.61) | 0.154 | 1.41 (0.59 to 3.39) | 0.445 |
| Extended/joint | 10 (8.6) | 106 (91.4) | 1 | 1 | ||
| No of siblings | ||||||
| Up to 2 | 39 (14.8) | 225 (85.2) | 3.15 (1.20 to 8.26) | 0.019* | 1.85 (0.61 to 5.61) | 0.097 |
| More than 2 | 5 (5.2) | 91 (94.8) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Socioeconomic status | ||||||
| High (rich) | 28 (23.3) | 92 (76.7) | 4.26 (1.85 to 9.80) | <0.001* | 4.77 (1.36 to 16.72) | 0.018* |
| Middle | 8 (6.7) | 112 (93.3) | 1.00 (0.36 to 2.76) | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.27 to 3.18) | 0.912 |
| Low (poor) | 8 (6.7) | 112 (93.3) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Watching TV | ||||||
| >2 h/day | 26 (32.9) | 53 (67.1) | 7.17 (3.67 to 14.00) | <0.001* | 8.86 (3.90 to 20.11) | <0.001* |
| ≤2 h/day | 18 (6.4) | 263 (93.6) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Fruit consumption | ||||||
| ≤4 times/week | 31 (16.8) | 153 (83.2) | 2.54 (1.28 to 5.04) | 0.008* | 3.13 (1.39 to 7.01) | 0.006* |
| >4 times/week | 13 (7.4) | 163 (92.6) | 1 | 1 | ||
Adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, type of school, mother's educational level, mother's occupation, family type, number of siblings, socioeconomic status, watching TV and fruit consumption.
*p<0.05.