Table 4

HRs of cardiovascular mortality categorised by fluid intake in the non-CKD and CKD group

VariablesNon-CKD (N=933)CKD group (N=1249)
Unadjusted modelTotally adjusted modelUnadjusted modelTotally adjusted model
HR (95% CI)p ValueHR (95% CI)p ValueHR (95% CI)p ValueHR (95% CI)p Value
Total daily fluid intake (L/day)
 <2.1471Reference1Reference1Reference1Reference
 2.147 to 2.7890.915 (0.721 to 1.162)0.4680.953 (0.737 to 1.233)0.7160.853 (0.680 to 1.070)0.1410.847 (0.666 to 1.079)0.179
 2.789 to 3.5760.819 (0.642 to 1.045)0.1080.888 (0.681 to 1.157)0.3790.844 (0.672 to 1.060)0.1450.870 (0.655 to 1.091)0.198
 ≥3.5760.878 (0.688 to 1.120)0.2960.985 (0.753 to 1.288)0.9140.841 (0.655 to 1.079)0.1730.827 (0.643 to 1.115)0.236
  • Adjusted for age, gender, race-ethnicity, BMI, waist, white cell count, eGFR, HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein AI, glucose, plasma fibrinogen, albumin, C reactive protein, smoke, cancer, emphysema, DM and arthritis.

  • BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.