Association between disclosed conflicts of interest (COI) and other forms of COI (ie, inclusion of primary studies in reviews, researcher allegiance) and spin in review conclusions in the reviews rated as having spin in favour of psychological therapies as compared with all other reviews
| Review rated as ‘spin’ in favour of psychological therapies | Review rated as ‘no spin’ or ‘spin’ against psychological therapies | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inclusion of own primary study | 6 | 28 | 1.24 (0.40 to 3.83) |
| No inclusion of own primary study | 9 | 52 | |
| Researcher allegiance | 2 | 13 | 0.79 (0.16 to 3.94) |
| No researcher allegiance | 13 | 67 | |
| COI disclosed | 4 | 21 | 1.02 (0.29 to 3.56) |
| No COI disclosed | 11 | 59 | |
| Inclusion of own primary study, researcher allegiance and/or COI disclosed | 7 | 40 | 0.88 (0.29 to 2.64) |
| None of the three | 8 | 40 |