Characteristics of the field sites in high-altitude regions
| Rural/urban | Area | Altitude (m above MSL) | n (male/female) | Livelihood |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rural | Domkhar in Ladakh | 2900–3800 | 295 (113/182) | Farmer |
| Changthang in Ladakh | 4300–4800 | 204 (113/91) | Livestock-rearing nomads | |
| Haiyan in Qinghai | 3000–3100 | 86 (40/46) | Livestock-rearing nomads | |
| Ryuho in Qinghai | 4200–4400 | 41 (22/19) | Livestock-rearing nomads | |
| Urban | Leh Town in Ladakh | 3300 | 308 (126/182) | Urban lifestyle |
| Jiegu Town in Yushu, Qinghai | 3700 | 324 (127/197) | Urban lifestyle |
MSL, mean sea level.