RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Long-term weight loss success and the health behaviours of adults in the USA: findings from a nationally representative cross-sectional study
JF BMJ Open
JO BMJ Open
FD British Medical Journal Publishing Group
SP e047743
DO 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047743
VO 11
IS 7
A1 Kerem Shuval
A1 Elisa Morales Marroquin
A1 Qing Li
A1 Gregory Knell
A1 Kelley Pettee Gabriel
A1 Jeffrey Drope
A1 Amy L Yaroch
A1 Karen G Chartier
A1 Bob M Fennis
A1 Mahmoud Qadan
YR 2021
UL http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/7/e047743.abstract
AB Objective To describe the relationship between long-term weight loss (LTWL) success and lifestyle behaviours among US adults.Design Serial cross-sectional data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles 2007–2014.Setting and participants Population-based nationally representative sample. The analytic sample included 3040 adults aged 20–64 years who tried to lose weight in the past year.Measures Participants were grouped into five LTWL categories (<5%, 5%–9.9%, 10%–14.9%, 15%–19.9% and ≥20%). Lifestyle-related behaviours included the following: alcohol intake, physical activity, smoking, fast-food consumption, dietary quality (Healthy Eating Index (HEI)) and caloric intake. Multivariable regression was employed adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, education, household income and size, current body mass index and self-reported health status.Results Individuals in the 15%–19.9% LTWL group differed significantly from the reference group (<5% LTWL) in their physical activity and dietary quality (HEI) but not caloric intake. Specifically, they had a higher HEI score (β=3.19; 95% CI 0.39 to 5.99) and were more likely to meet physical activity guidelines (OR=1.99; 95% CI 1.11 to 3.55). In comparison, the ≥20% LTWL group was significantly more likely to smoke (OR=1.63; 95% CI 1.03 to 2.57) and to consume lower daily calories (β=−202.91; 95% CI –345.57 to –60.25) than the reference group; however, dietary quality and physical activity did not significantly differ.Conclusion Among a national sample of adults, a higher level of LTWL success does not necessarily equate to healthy weight loss behaviours. Future research should attempt to design interventions aimed at facilitating weight loss success while encouraging healthy lifestyle behaviours.Data are available in a public, open access repository. The current study used data from NHANES. It is publicly available and can be downloaded from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website: https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/