RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Symptoms of common mental disorders and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adults living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study
JF BMJ Open
JO BMJ Open
FD British Medical Journal Publishing Group
SP e049824
DO 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049824
VO 11
IS 7
A1 Andreas D Haas
A1 Cordelia Kunzekwenyika
A1 Stefanie Hossmann
A1 Josphat Manzero
A1 Janneke van Dijk
A1 Ronald Manhibi
A1 Ruth Verhey
A1 Andreas Limacher
A1 Per M von Groote
A1 Ethel Manda
A1 Michael A Hobbins
A1 Dixon Chibanda
A1 Matthias Egger
A1 ,
YR 2021
UL http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/7/e049824.abstract
AB Objectives To examine the proportion of people living with HIV who screen positive for common mental disorders (CMD) and the associations between CMD and self-reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART).Setting Sixteen government-funded health facilities in the rural Bikita district of Zimbabwe.Design Cross-sectional study.Participants HIV-positive non-pregnant adults, aged 18 years or older, who lived in Bikita district and had received ART for at least 6 months.Outcome measures The primary outcome was the proportion of participants screening positive for CMD defined as a Shona Symptoms Questionnaire score of 9 or greater. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of participants reporting suicidal ideation, perceptual symptoms and suboptimal ART adherence and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) for factors associated with CMD, suicidal ideation, perceptual symptoms and suboptimal ART adherence.Results Out of 3480 adults, 18.8% (95% CI 14.8% to 23.7%) screened positive for CMD, 2.7% (95% CI 1.5% to 4.7%) reported suicidal ideations, and 1.5% (95% CI 0.9% to 2.6%) reported perceptual symptoms. Positive CMD screens were more common in women (aPR 1.67, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.35) than in men and were more common in adults aged 40–49 years (aPR 1.47, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.85) or aged 50–59 years (aPR 1.51, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.17) than in those 60 years or older. Positive CMD screen was associated with suboptimal adherence (aPR 1.53; 95% CI 1.37 to 1.70).Conclusions A substantial proportion of people living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe are affected by CMD. There is a need to integrate mental health services and HIV programmes in rural Zimbabwe.Trial registration number NCT03704805.Data are available on reasonable request. Data cannot be made available online because of legal and ethical restrictions. To request data, readers may contact IeDEA for consideration by filling out the online form available at https://www.iedea-sa.org/contact-us/