PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Tim Luckett AU - Jane Phillips AU - Miriam Johnson AU - Maja Garcia AU - Priyanka Bhattarai AU - Virginia Carrieri-Kohlman AU - Anne Hutchinson AU - Rebecca T Disler AU - David Currow AU - Meera Agar AU - Serra Ivynian AU - Richard Chye AU - Phillip J Newton AU - Patricia M Davidson TI - Insights from Australians with respiratory disease living in the community with experience of self-managing through an emergency department ‘near miss’ for breathlessness: a strengths-based qualitative study AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017536 DP - 2017 Dec 01 TA - BMJ Open PG - e017536 VI - 7 IP - 12 4099 - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/7/12/e017536.short 4100 - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/7/12/e017536.full SO - BMJ Open2017 Dec 01; 7 AB - Objectives Breathlessness ‘crises’ in people with chronic respiratory conditions are a common precipitant for emergency department (ED) presentations, many of which might be avoided through improved self-management and support. This study sought insights from people with experience of ED ‘near misses’ where they considered going to the ED but successfully self-managed instead.Design and methods A qualitative approach was used with a phenomenological orientation. Participants were eligible if they reported breathlessness on most days from a diagnosed respiratory condition and experience of ≥1 ED near miss. Recruitment was through respiratory support groups and pulmonary rehabilitation clinics. Semistructured interviews were conducted with each participant via telephone or face-to-face. Questions focused on ED-related decision-making, information finding, breathlessness management and support. This analysis used an integrative approach and independent coding by two researchers. Lazarus and Cohen’s Transactional Model of Stress and Coping informed interpretive themes.Results Interviews were conducted with 20 participants, 15 of whom had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nineteen interviews were conducted via telephone. Analysis identified important factors in avoiding ED presentation to include perceived control over breathlessness, self-efficacy in coping with a crisis and desire not to be hospitalised. Effective coping strategies included: taking a project management approach that involved goal setting, monitoring and risk management; managing the affective dimension of breathlessness separately from the sensory perceptual and building three-way partnerships with primary care and respiratory services.Conclusions In addition to teaching non-pharmacological and pharmacological management of breathlessness, interventions should aim to develop patients’ generic self-management skills. Interventions to improve self-efficacy should ensure this is substantiated by transfer of skills and support, including knowledge about when ED presentation is necessary. Complementary initiatives are needed to improve coordinated, person-centred care. Future research should seek ways to break the cyclical relationship between affective and sensory-perceptual dimensions of breathlessness.