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Abstract
Aim To present the protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available evidence examining the association between sex hormones and type 2 diabetes risk in ageing men and women of African descent.
Methods We shall conduct a comprehensive search of published studies that examined the association between sex hormones and type 2 diabetes risk in men and women aged ≥40 years from 01/01/1980 to 31/03/2018 with no language restriction. Databases to be searched include: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, ISI Web of Science, Clinical Trial registries, Google Scholar and institutional websites such as the WHO, American Diabetes Association, International Diabetes Federation, World Diabetes Foundation, European Association for the Study of Diabetes, African Journal Online and ProQuest databases. This protocol is developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. Independent screening for eligible studies using defined criteria and data extraction, will be completed in duplicate. Discrepancies will be resolved by consensus or consultation with a third researcher. Risk of bias of included studies will be assessed by the appropriate Cochrane risk of bias tool. The overall association estimates will be pooled using appropriate meta-analytic techniques. Heterogeneity will be assessed using Cochrane Q statistic and the inconsistency index (I2). The random effects model will be used to calculate a pooled estimate.
Ethics and dissemination No ethics clearance is required as no primary data will be collected. The systematic review and meta-analysis are part of a PhD project at WITS University (Johannesburg, South Africa) and results will be presented at conferences and published in a peer-review journal. The results will guide future population specific interventions.
PROSPERO registration number CRD42017074581.
- epidemiology
- general endocrinology
- general medicine (see internal medicine)
This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
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Footnotes
Patient consent for publication Not required.
Contributors NCK conceived the review approach, drafted and revised the manuscript. MM, TO, TC, JHG, LKM and APK gave general guidance on the drafting of the protocol. NCK and MM performed the literature searches and data extraction. TC and TO carried out critical appraisal. NCK and APK carried out data analyses. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript. Guarantors of the protocol are LKM and APK.
Funding The PhD project received funding from the South African Medical Research Council, with funds received from the South African National Department of Health, the UKMRC, the Newton Fund, GSK and South African National Research Foundation. The funding organisations did not participate in the development of this protocol and will not take part in data collection, writing and interpretation of the results, submission and publication of the results of the systematic review and meta-analysis.
Competing interests None declared.
Ethics approval Ethics approval is not necessary. The systematic review and meta-analysis will use data from published and unpublished studies and poses no risk to participants’ or their privacy.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.