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Rheumatology
Research
Association between serum magnesium concentration and metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension and hyperuricaemia in knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study in Hunan Province, China
  1. Yilun Wang1,
  2. Jie Wei2,
  3. Chao Zeng1,
  4. Tuo Yang1,
  5. Hui Li1,
  6. Yang Cui3,
  7. Dongxing Xie1,
  8. Bei Xu1,
  9. Zhichen Liu1,
  10. Jiatian Li1,
  11. Shide Jiang1,
  12. Guanghua Lei1
  1. 1 Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
  2. 2 Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
  3. 3 International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
  1. Correspondence to Dr Guanghua Lei; lei_guanghua{at}csu.edu.cn

Abstract

Objectives To examine the associations between serum magnesium (Mg) concentration with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HP) and hyperuricaemia (HU) in patients with radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods The present study was conducted at the Health Management Center of Xiangya Hospital. Radiographic OA was evaluated for patients aged over 40 years with basic characteristics and blood biochemical assessment. Serum Mg concentration was measured using the chemiluminescence method. MetS, DM, HP and HU were diagnosed based on standard protocols. The associations between serum Mg concentration with MetS, DM, HP and HU were evaluated by conducting multivariable adjusted logistic regression.

Results A total of 962 patients with radiographic knee OA were included. Compared with the lowest quintile, the multivariable adjusted ORs and related 95% CIs of DM were 0.40 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.70, p=0.001), 0.33 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.60, p<0.001), 0.27 (95% CI 0.14 to 0.52, p<0.001) and 0.22 (95% CI 0.11 to 0.44, p<0.001) in the second, third, fourth and highest quintiles of serum Mg, respectively (p for trend <0.001); the multivariable adjusted ORs of HU were 0.33 (95% CI 0.19 to 0.59, p<0.001), 0.52 (95% CI 0.30 to 0.91, p=0.022) and 0.39 (95% CI 0.22 to 0.70, p=0.001) in the third, fourth and highest quintiles of serum Mg, respectively (p for trend <0.001); and the multivariable adjusted ORs of MetS were 0.59 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.94, p=0.027) in the second and 0.56 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.93, p=0.024) in the highest quintiles of serum Mg. However, the inverse association between serum Mg and the prevalence of MetS was non-linear (p for trend=0.067). There was no significant association between serum Mg and HP in patients with OA.

Conclusions The serum Mg concentration was inversely associated with the prevalence of MetS, DM and HU in patients with radiographic knee OA.

Level of evidence Level III, cross-sectional study.

  • osteoarthritis
  • magnesium
  • metabolic syndrome
  • diabetes
  • hypertension
  • hyperuricemia

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019159

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors All authors had full access to the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. GL, YW and JW conceived the study. GL, YW and JW were responsible for conception and design of the study and drafted the manuscript. CZ, TY, HL, YC and DX contributed to data collection. JW contributed to preparation and data analysis. BX, ZL, JL and SJ contributed to study retrieval. GL and YW contributed to revision of the manuscript. All the authors contributed to the interpretation of the data and critically reviewed the manuscript for publication.

    • Funding This work was supported by the Innovation Foundation of the Central South University for Postgraduate (2018zzts045), the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University (182130), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 81201420, 81272034, 81472130, 81501923), the Provincial Science Foundation of Hunan (no. 14JJ3032), the Scientific Research Project of the Development and Reform Commission of Hunan Province ((2013)1199), the Scientific Research Project of Science and Technology Office of Hunan Province (2013SK2018) and the Doctoral Scientific Fund Project of the Ministry of Education of China (20120162110036).

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent Obtained.

    • Ethics approval The protocol has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (reference no. 201312459), and the methods were developed in accordance with the approved guidelines.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data sharing statement The data sets during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.