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Respiratory medicine
Research
Prevalence and risk factors of eye diseases in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: results from the SLE.E.P.Y cohort study
  1. Emilio Pedrotti1,
  2. Christian Luigi Demasi1,
  3. Enrico Bruni1,
  4. Francesca Bosello1,
  5. Paolo Plinio Di Sarro1,
  6. Mattia Passilongo1,
  7. Adriano Fasolo1,2,
  8. Nicola Gennaro3,
  9. Alessandra De Gregorio4,
  10. Marcello Ferrari5,
  11. Giorgio Marchini1
  1. 1 Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
  2. 2 The Veneto Eye Bank Foundation, Venezia Zelarino, Italy
  3. 3 Epidemiology Unit, The Veneto Region, Padova, Italy
  4. 4 OU Ophthalmology, San Bassiano Hospital, Bassano Del Grappa, Vicenza, Italy
  5. 5 Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
  1. Correspondence to Dr Emilio Pedrotti; emilio.pedrotti{at}univr.it

Abstract

Objectives To assess the occurrence of glaucoma, eyelid, corneal and macular disorders in a cohort of patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) diagnosed by overnight polysomnography and to investigate into the risk factors for the above eye diseases (EDs).

Design Cross-sectional cohort study between 2014 and 2015.

Setting Unit of Respiratory Medicine and Eye Clinic of the University of Verona.

Participants 431 consecutive patients were considered eligible. Of these, 87 declined to participate, 35 were untraceable and 13 were deceased.

Interventions A complete ophthalmic evaluation of both eyes for each patient.

Primary and secondary outcome measures Best-corrected distance visual acuity, intraocular pressure, corneal, macular and optic nerve optical coherence tomography, ocular aberrometry, optic nerve laser polarimetry, visual field test, and eyelid examination.

Results 296 patients aged 64.5±12.8 years, 23% female and 77% male, underwent ophthalmic examination. There was 56% (n=166) prevalence of eyelid disorders, 27% (n=80) of corneal disorders, 13% (n=39) of macular disorders and 11% (n=33) of glaucoma. Advancing age was not associated with the severity of OSA, while significant differences were found for gender, body mass index, Oxygen Desaturation Index, smoking habit, hypertension and diabetes. Severe OSA was significantly associated with glaucoma (OR, 95% CI 1.05 to 5.93, p=0.037).

Conclusions EDs were more prevalent in our patinets with OSA than in the general population. Severe Apnoea/Hypopnoea Index level seemed to play a role as risk factor only for glaucoma.

  • asthma
  • epidemiology
  • corneal and external diseases
  • glaucoma
  • medical retina
  • neuro-ophthalmology

This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016142

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors Study design: EP, ADG, CLD, GM, MF. Research conduction: CLD, EP. Data collection: CLD, EB, FB, PPDS, MP. Data analysis: AF, NG. Manuscript writing: EP, CLD, AF. Manuscript approval: MF, GM.

    • Disclaimer The Corresponding Author affirms that the manuscript is an honest, accurate and transparent account of the study reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained.

    • Competing interests None declared

    • Patient consent Obtained.

    • Ethics approval Institutional review board.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data sharing statement No additional data are available.