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Cardiovascular medicine
Cohort profile
Cohort profile: the Baependi Heart Study—a family-based, highly admixed cohort study in a rural Brazilian town
  1. Kieren J Egan1,
  2. Malcolm von Schantz1,2,3,
  3. André B Negrão2,
  4. Hadassa C Santos2,
  5. Andréa R V R Horimoto2,
  6. Nubia E Duarte2,
  7. Guilherme C Gonçalves2,
  8. Júlia M P Soler4,
  9. Mariza de Andrade5,
  10. Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho6,
  11. Homero Vallada3,
  12. Tâmara P Taporoski3,
  13. Mario Pedrazzoli7,
  14. Ana P Azambuja8,
  15. Camila M de Oliveira2,9,
  16. Rafael O Alvim9,
  17. José E Krieger2,
  18. Alexandre C Pereira2
  1. 1Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
  2. 2Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
  3. 3Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
  4. 4Department of Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  5. 5Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
  6. 6Sleep Laboratory, Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
  7. 7School of Arts, Science, and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  8. 8Natura Innovation and Product Technology Ltd., Cajamar, SP, Brazil
  9. 9Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
  1. Correspondence to Dr Malcolm von Schantz; m.von.schantz{at}surrey.ac.uk

Abstract

Purpose Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major challenge to global health. The same epidemiological transition scenario is replayed as countries develop, but with variations based on environment, culture and ethnic mixture. The Baependi Heart Study was set up in 2005 to develop a longitudinal family-based cohort study that reflects on some of the genetic and lifestyle-related peculiarities of the Brazilian populations, in order to evaluate genetic and environmental influences on CVD risk factor traits.

Participants Probands were recruited in Baependi, a small rural town in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, following by first-degree and then increasingly more distant relatives. The first follow-up wave took place in 2010, and the second in 2016. At baseline, the study evaluated 1691 individuals across 95 families. Cross-sectional data have been collected for 2239 participants.

Findings to date Environmental and lifestyle factors and measures relevant to cardiovascular health have been reported. Having expanded beyond cardiovascular health outcomes, the phenotype datasets now include genetics, biochemistry, anthropometry, mental health, sleep and circadian rhythms. Many of these have yielded heritability estimates, and a shared genetic background of anxiety and depression has recently been published. In spite of universal access to electricity, the population has been found to be strongly shifted towards morningness compared with metropolitan areas.

Future plans A new follow-up, marking 10 years of the study, is ongoing in 2016, in which data are collected as in 2010 (with the exception of the neuropsychiatric protocol). In addition to this, a novel questionnaire package collecting information about intelligence, personality and spirituality is being planned. The data set on circadian rhythms and sleep will be amended through additional questionnaires, actimetry, home sleep EEG recording and dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) analysis. Finally, the anthropometric measures will be expanded by adding three-dimensional facial photography, voice recording and anatomical brain MRI.

  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Cohort studies
  • Family design
  • MENTAL HEALTH
  • Risk factors
  • Sleep

This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011598

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    Footnotes

    • Twitter Follow Malcolm von Schantz at @mvonschantz

    • Contributors CMdO, JEK, and ACP all contributed to the conception and design of the study. MvS, ABN, HCS, ARVRH, JMPS, MdA, GL-F, HV, TPT, MP, AA, CMdO, ROA and ACP contributed to the development of methods and data collection. KJE, MvS, ABN, HCS, ARVRH, JMPS, MdA, GL-F, HV, TPT, MP, AA, CMdO, ROA, JEK and ACP were involved in data analysis and interpretation. KJE and MvS drafted the work. All the authors revised this article and approved the final version to be published.

    • Funding This study was supported by awards from FAPESP to ACP, JEK, ARVRH and MP (grants 2007/58150-7, 2010/51010-8, 2011/05804-5, 2013/17368-0), from CNPq to ACP, JEK, HV, ARVRH and MvS (150653/2008-5, 481304/2012-6, and 400791/2015-5), Fundação Zerbini and Hospital Samaritano, and by the Global Innovation Initiative to MvS (jointly funded by the British Council and the UK Department of Business and Skills).

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Ethics approval The study protocol conformed to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo, Brazil (approval number 0494/10).

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data sharing statement Researchers can apply for data and biomaterial by submitting a proposal to the principal investigator, ACP (alexandre.pereira@incor.usp.br).