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Epidemiology
Research
Does mild cognitive impairment affect the occurrence of radiographic knee osteoarthritis? A 3-year follow-up in the ROAD study
  1. Noriko Yoshimura1,
  2. Shigeyuki Muraki2,
  3. Hiroyuki Oka1,
  4. Hiroshi Kawaguchi3,
  5. Kozo Nakamura4,
  6. Sakae Tanaka3,
  7. Toru Akune2
  1. 1Department of Joint Disease Research, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  2. 2Department of Clinical Motor System Medicine, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  3. 3Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  4. 4National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Saitama, Japan
  1. Correspondence to Noriko Yoshimura; yoshimuran-ort{at}h.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Abstract

Objective To determine whether mild cognitive impairment (MCI) increases the risk of occurrence or progression of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in a general population.

Design Population-based cohort study.

Setting Residents in mountain and seaside areas of Wakayama Prefecture, Japan.

Participants 1690 participants (596 men, 1094 women; mean age 65.2 years old) were enrolled from the large-scale cohort for the Research on Osteoarthritis (OA)/osteoporosis Against Disability (ROAD) study initiated in 2005 to investigate epidemiological features of OA in Japan. Of these, 1384 individuals (81.9%; 466 men, 918 women) completed the second survey including knee radiography 3 years later.

Primary outcome measures Radiographic KOA was defined as Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade ≥ 2 using paired x-ray films. Incidence of KOA during follow-up defined on radiographs as KL grade ≥2, progression of KOA defined as a higher KL grade (either knee) at follow-up compared with baseline. MCI defined as a summary mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score ≤23. Associations between MCI and incidence or progression of KOA were analysed.

Results The annual cumulative incidence of KOA was 3.3%; for progression of OA it was 8.0%. On logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, regional differences, body mass index, grip strength (worse side), smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise and history of knee injury, baseline MMSE summary score was significantly associated with the incidence of KOA (+1 MMSE score; OR 0.83, p=0.010). Baseline MCI was also significantly associated with the incidence of KOA (vs non-occurrence of KOA; OR 4.90, p=0.027). There was no significant association between MMSE scores, the presence of MCI and progression of KOA (+1 MMSE score; OR 0.96, p=0.232; vs non-progression of KOA; OR 1.38, p=0.416).

Conclusions MCI significantly increases the risk of incident radiographic KOA, but not the progression of KOA.

  • Epidemiology

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non commercial and is otherwise in compliance with the license. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/ and http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/legalcode.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001520

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