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Emergency medicine
Protocol
Cessation of smoking trial in the emergency department (CoSTED): protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial
  1. Caitlin Notley1,
  2. Lucy Clark2,
  3. Pippa Belderson1,
  4. Emma Ward1,
  5. Allan B Clark2,
  6. Steve Parrott3,
  7. Sanjay Agrawal4,
  8. Ben M Bloom5,
  9. Adrian A Boyle6,
  10. Geraint Morris7,
  11. Alasdair Gray8,
  12. Tim Coats9,
  13. Mei-See Man2,
  14. Linda Bauld10,
  15. Richard Holland11,
  16. Ian Pope1,12
  1. 1Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
  2. 2Norwich Clincial Trials Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
  3. 3Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
  4. 4Institute of Lung Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
  5. 5Emergency Department, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
  6. 6Emergency Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
  7. 7Department of Emergency Medicine, Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
  8. 8Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
  9. 9Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
  10. 10Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh Division of Medical and Radiological Sciences, Edinburgh, UK
  11. 11Medical School, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
  12. 12Department of Emergency Medicine, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
  1. Correspondence to Professor Caitlin Notley; C.Notley{at}uea.ac.uk

Abstract

Introduction Attendees of emergency departments (EDs) have a higher than expected prevalence of smoking. ED attendance may be a good opportunity to prompt positive behaviour change, even for smokers not currently motivated to quit. This study aims to determine whether an opportunist smoking cessation intervention delivered in the ED can help daily smokers attending the ED quit smoking and is cost-effective.

Methods and analysis A two-arm pragmatic, multicentred, parallel-group, individually randomised, controlled superiority trial with an internal pilot, economic evaluation and mixed methods process evaluation. The trial will compare ED-based brief smoking cessation advice, including provision of an e-cigarette and referral to local stop smoking services (intervention) with the provision of contact details for local stop smoking services (control). Target sample size is 972, recruiting across 6 National Health Service EDs in England and Scotland. Outcomes will be collected at 1, 3 and 6 months. The primary outcome at 6 months is carbon monoxide verified continuous smoking abstinence.

Ethics and dissemination The trial was approved by the South Central—Oxford B Research Committee (21/SC/0288). Dissemination will include the publication of outcomes, and the process and economic evaluations in peer-reviewed journals. The findings will also be appropriately disseminated to relevant practice, policy and patient representative groups.

Trial registration number NCT04854616; protocol V.4.2.

  • public health
  • accident & emergency medicine
  • preventive medicine
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064585

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    Footnotes

    • Twitter @AddictionUEA, @LindaBauld

    • Contributors IP and CN conceived the idea for the study. CN, IP, EW and PB developed the intervention. LC is the trial manager and M-SM is the senior trial manager. AC is the study statistician, SP is the health economist. SA, BB, AAB, GM, AG and TC are site Principal Investigators. LB and RH provide academic expertise. All authors contributed to protocol writing and approved the final version.

    • Funding This study is funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) HTA programme Tobacco Cessation, Control and Harm Reduction (project reference 129438).

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient and public involvement Patients and the public were involved in the design, conduct, reporting and dissemination plans of this research. Refer to the patient and public involvement section for further details.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.