Article Text
Abstract
Aims The latest evidence in the incidence of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is needed to support the development of novel treatments as orphan drugs. However, up-to-date information on the incidence of CRAO in the ageing or aged population is limited. We aimed to investigate the nationwide epidemiological and clinical characteristics of CRAO in Japan, using nationwide health insurance claims data.
Methods We analysed a total of 16 069 762 claims data in the sampling dataset of the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB), which is the nationwide health insurance claims database of 127 million whole Japanese individuals. CRAO was identified using the International Classification of Diseases 10th edition diagnostic code H34.1. The crude incidence rates and age-standardised incidence rates of CRAO, according to the standard age-structure population of the WHO, were calculated.
Results The crude incidence rate of CRAO in Japan was 5.84 (95% CI, 5.71 to 5.97) per 100 000 person-years. With respect to the sex-related incidence, the rate was higher 1.40 times in men than in women (6.85 (95% CI, 6.65 to 7.06) vs 4.88 (95% CI, 4.71 to 5.05), p<0.001). The age-standardised incidence rate was 2.53 (95% CI, 2.29 to 2.76) per 100 000 person-years.
Conclusions The crude incidence rate of CRAO was higher in Japan than in other countries, as reported previously, reflecting the Japanese population structure as a super-aged society. These findings can be helpful for the development of appropriate healthcare policies to address the increasing incidence of CRAO with the ageing population.
- ophthalmology
- vetreoretinal
- epidemiology
- public health
This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
Statistics from Altmetric.com
Footnotes
AK and HT are joint first authors.
AK and HT contributed equally.
Contributors HOI had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. AK, HT and HOI conceptualised and designed the data. HOI involved in acquisition of data. AK, HT, HOI, MM, SH and AT involved in analysis, or interpretation of data. AK and HT involved in drafting of the manuscript. HOI, MM, SH and AT involved in critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content. HOI and AT involved in administrative, technical or material support. AT involved in supervision.
Funding This study was supported in part by the Translational Research Network Programme and Rare/Intractable Disease Project of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) (grant number: 18lm0203012h0002 to HOI).
Disclaimer The funding organisation had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Competing interests HOI reports receiving grants from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development during the conduct of the study.
Patient and public involvement Patients and/or the public were not involved in the design, or conduct, or reporting, or dissemination plans of this research.
Patient consent for publication Not required.
Ethics approval This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and by the Ethics Committee of Kyoto University Hospital and Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine (No. R2405). All investigations were conducted according to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
Data availability statement Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. After the authorised research period, the raw data of the NDB sampling data must be returned to the MHLW. Thus, researchers have access only to protocols and programme code but no longer to the raw data. Thus the data sharing would be limited to the programme code. Those who want to access raw data needs to apply to MHWL.