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Public health
Protocol
Sample study protocol for adapting and translating the 5C scale to assess the psychological antecedents of vaccination
  1. Cornelia Betsch1,2,
  2. Katrine Bach Habersaat3,
  3. Sergei Deshevoi4,
  4. Dorothee Heinemeier1,2,
  5. Nikolay Briko5,
  6. Natalia Kostenko6,
  7. Janusz Kocik7,
  8. Robert Böhm8,
  9. Ingo Zettler8,
  10. Charles Shey Wiysonge9,
  11. Ève Dubé10,
  12. Arnaud Gagneur11,
  13. Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers12,
  14. Amandine Gagneux-Brunon13,
  15. Jonas Sivelä14
  1. 1Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences (CEREB), University Erfurt, Erfurt, Thüringen, Germany
  2. 2Media and Communication Science, University Erfurt, Erfurt, Thüringen, Germany
  3. 3Vaccine-preventable Diseases and Immunization (VPI), Division of Health Emergencies and Communicable Diseases (DEC), World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
  4. 4Vaccine-preventable Diseases & Immunization (VPI), Division of Communicable Diseases & Health Security (DCH), World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
  5. 5Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
  6. 6Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 127051 Moscow, Russian Federation
  7. 7School of Public Health, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  8. 8Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  9. 9Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
  10. 10CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
  11. 11Département de Pédiatrie, Unité de Néonatalogie, CHUS Fleurimont, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
  12. 12Service d’Infectiologie, CIC-1408 INSERM Vaccinologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Etienne, Rhône-Alpes, France
  13. 13Service d’Infectiologie, CIC-1408 INSERM Vaccinologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Etienne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
  14. 14Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
  1. Correspondence to Dr Cornelia Betsch; cornelia.betsch{at}uni-erfurt.de

Abstract

Introduction Published in 2018, the 5C scale is psychometrically validated to assess five psychological antecedents of vaccination (confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation and collective responsibility). The original version offers a validated English and German scale to assess these determinants with a short 5-item scale (1 item per antecedent) and a long 15-item scale (3 items per antecedent). This sample study protocol provides a step-by-step guidance for the process of adapting the 5C scale to another country, language or cultural context. Data obtained from the 5C scale can support developing, implementing and evaluating an intervention and monitoring of general vaccine acceptance and demand.

Methods and analysis Phase 1 comprises the adaptation of the 5C scale including the translation and back translation of the antecedents, an expert evaluation of the antecedents and the identification of new antecedents as well as a pretest. Phase 2 involves the validation of the translated and potentially expanded scale including the assessment of reliability, construct and concurrent validity of all items of the scale. Code for data analysis is provided.

Ethics and dissemination The University of Erfurt’s institutional review board provided ethical clearance (EV-201900416.2). The authors suggest and encourage publicly sharing all data obtained from the translated 5C scale (eg, on publication). The materials and the code for data analysis to support the process described in this protocol are available in https://osf.io/2agxe/. Sharing data on vaccine acceptance and demand is in the public and the scientific interest and will facilitate gaining a global overview of its current state and development over time. The authors of the original 5C scale are currently working on an online platform to facilitate publishing the data and to visualise the psychological antecedents across different countries.

  • epidemiology
  • infectious diseases
  • public health
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034869

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    Footnotes

    • Twitter @CorneliaBetsch, @WHO_Europe_VPI, @robert_bohm, @CoPSY2019, @CharlesShey

    • Contributors All authors read and approved the final manuscript. CB conceptualised the study, the supporting materials, wrote the first draft and revised the study concept and manuscript according to the feedback obtained by the coauthors. KBH, DH conceptualised the study, the supporting materials and substantively revised the manuscript. SD conceptualised the supporting materials and substantively revised the manuscript. NB substantively revised the manuscript. NK conceptualised the study and substantively revised the manuscript. JK, RB, IZ, CSW, ÈD, AG, AG-B, EB-N and JS substantively revised the manuscript.

    • Funding This work was supported by a grant by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, BE 3970/11-1 to CB).

    • Disclaimer The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this chapter and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent for publication Not required.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.