Introduction Antiplatelet therapy is commonly used in primary or secondary prevention of atherosclerotic and thrombotic diseases, such as coronary artery disease, transient ischaemic attack or stroke. Recent studies noted that antiplatelet therapy should be continued perioperatively in patients at high risk of thrombosis and low bleeding risk in orthopaedic, spinal or urological surgery. However, evidence in neurosurgery is lacking. Thus, we aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether the continuous use of antiplatelet drugs in neurosurgery increases the risk of perioperative bleeding.

Methods and analysis We will search PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Embase using a strategy that combines the terms aspirin, bleeding/ischaemic and neurosurgery. Two reviewers will independently screen all identified abstracts for eligibility and evaluate the risk of bias of the included studies using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised controlled studies and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies (including cohort studies, case–control studies, case series). Discrepancies will be resolved by consultation with a third researcher. We will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis. If evidence suggests moderate statistical or clinical heterogeneity, we plan to investigate this heterogeneity by performing subgroup analyses and sensitivity analysis.

Ethics and dissemination No ethics approval will be sought as no original data will be collected for this review. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.

PROSPERO registration number CRD42020202590.