Awareness and knowledge of the intrauterine device in adolescents

Background: The purpose of this study was to explore intrauterine device (IUD) awareness and knowledge in a diverse, multiethnic population.

Methods: We conducted a self-administered, anonymous survey addressing awareness of the IUD as a contraceptive method and knowledge about aspects of IUD use in a group of women aged 14 to 19 years. Demographic and medical information was obtained to compare awareness and knowledge between demographic groups. Chi-square, Fisher exact test, and t tests were used for analysis. Multiple logistic regression was utilized to confirm relationships.

Results: Of the 106 respondents, 76.4% (81/106) were sexually active and 56.6% (60/106) reported a history of ever being pregnant. There were 21.1% (33/106) of respondents who had heard of the IUD as a contraceptive method. Of the subjects who had heard of the IUD, 39.4 % (13/33) were able to identify key features of the IUD. Although a history of pregnancy was predictive of having heard of the IUD, age, insurance status, education, and all other demographic factors were not associated with IUD awareness.

Conclusion: Over 70% of the adolescents had not heard of the IUD and less than half of adolescents who had heard of the IUD were able to identify key features about this contraceptive method. The lack of knowledge of this effective and safe contraceptive option is concerning given that most participants were at high risk for unintended pregnancy.