Abstract
Alcohol-induced oxidative stress is linked to the metabolism of ethanol involving both microsomal and mitochondrial systems. Ethanol metabolism is directly involved in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). These form an environment favourable to oxidative stress. Ethanol treatment results in the depletion of GSH levels and decreases antioxidant activity. It elevates malondialdehyde (MDA), hydroxyethyl radical (HER), and hydroxynonenal (HNE) protein adducts. These cause the modification of all biological structures and consequently result in serious malfunction of cells and tissues.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antioxidants / metabolism
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Central Nervous System Depressants / metabolism
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Central Nervous System Depressants / toxicity*
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Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / metabolism
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Ethanol / metabolism
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Ethanol / toxicity*
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Free Radicals / metabolism
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Glutathione / metabolism
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Humans
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Kupffer Cells / drug effects
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Kupffer Cells / metabolism
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Lipid Metabolism / drug effects
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Mitochondria / drug effects
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Mitochondria / metabolism
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Nitric Oxide / metabolism
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Oxidants / metabolism
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Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
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Proteins / metabolism
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Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
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Superoxide Dismutase / metabolism
Substances
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Antioxidants
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Central Nervous System Depressants
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Free Radicals
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Oxidants
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Proteins
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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Nitric Oxide
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Ethanol
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Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1
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Superoxide Dismutase
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Glutathione