Kidney transplantation is the ultimate goal and the best treatment for most patients with end-stage renal disease. Organ shortage and steadily growing waiting time for a cadaver kidney transplant have forced the medical community to look for alternatives, such as living kidney donation. However, available data examining health-related quality of life (QOL) issues of living donors are currently limited. In addition, little information regarding factors associated with health-related QOL in living kidney donors is currently available and this issue remains controversial. This review article aims to summarize the data regarding health-related QOL of living kidney donors by using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form.