The influence of gender and age on hamstring muscle length in healthy adults

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2005 Apr;35(4):246-52. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2005.35.4.246.

Abstract

Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive study.

Objectives: To examine the factors of gender and age, stratified by 10-year increments, on hamstring muscle length (HML) as measured by passive straight-leg raise (PSLR) and popliteal angle (PA).

Background: Differences in HML between men and women have not been examined for a large group of healthy adults over a wide range of ages. The usefulness of these data is to provide some typical values of HML for future reference.

Methods and measures: Two hundred fourteen adults (108 women, 106 men; age range, 20-79 years) with no known history of hip or knee joint disease and no history of recent hamstring strain participated in the study. PSLR (trunk-thigh angle) and PA (thigh-leg angle) were estimated with a goniometer. A 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the effects of 2 independent variables (gender and age) on 2 dependent variables (PSLR and PA). Statistical significance was established at alpha<.05.

Results: HML differed significantly (P<.001) between genders for both methods of measurement, with females demonstrating greater flexibility than their male counterparts. The difference between genders was 8 degrees for PSLR and 11 degrees for PA. HML was not influenced by age.

Conclusions: This study provides physical therapists with typical values of HML in healthy men and women.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Leg / anatomy & histology*
  • Leg / physiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Muscle, Skeletal / anatomy & histology*
  • Muscle, Skeletal / physiology
  • Sex Factors