Review articleEvidence-Based Cognitive Rehabilitation: Updated Review of the Literature From 1998 Through 2002
Section snippets
Methods
We followed prior methodology for identifying relevant literature, reviewing, and classifying, and developing recommendations. These methods are described in more detail in our initial publication.1 For the current review, we searched PubMed and Infotrieve for articles published between 1998 and 2002, using the terms attention, awareness, cognitive, communication, executive, language, memory, perception, problem solving, and reasoning combined with each of the terms rehabilitation, remediation,
Discussion
This updated review of the literature regarding cognitive rehabilitation included 17 class I studies of 291 patients with TBI and 247 patients with stroke, with 16 of the 17 studies providing evidence for the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation. Five class I studies provide evidence for the effectiveness of remediation for visual inattention17, 18, 19 or apraxia30, 31 in patients with stroke, and 4 studies support the effectiveness of interventions for communication deficits after stroke.
Conclusions
We have now systematically reviewed 46 class I studies, 43 class II studies, and 169 class III studies of cognitive rehabilitation for people with TBI or stroke. Our overall analysis of 47 treatment comparisons from class I studies, representing 1801 patients, indicates that cognitive rehabilitation is of significant benefit when compared with alternative treatments. The resulting recommendations should help guide clinical treatment and facilitate additional research.
Acknowledgments
The Cognitive Rehabilitation Task Force of the BI-ISIG of ACRM conducted this work. We would like to acknowledge Joanne Azulay, PhD, Thomas Bergquist, PhD, Douglas Katz, MD, and Virginia Mills, RPT, for their contributions to the review and classification of the literature.
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