Past or present? Childhood living conditions and current socioeconomic status as determinants of adult health
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2019, Economics and Human BiologyCitation Excerpt :If short stature persists and a person receives abundant calories as an adult, they are more likely to have high adult BMIs because they have lower metabolisms, and greater weight is distributed over smaller physical dimensions (Herbert et al., 1993, p. 1438; Carson, 2009a, 2012a; Schneider, 2017, pp. 4–7; Komlos and Carson, 2017). On the other hand, adults with adequate childhood nutrition are more likely to reach their genetically pre-determined potential statures, have higher metabolisms, and lower BMIs in later life because their weight is distributed over larger physical dimensions (Nyström-Peck, 1994; Nyström-Peck and Lundberg, 1995; Rahkonen et al., 1997). As the ratio of weight to height, BMI represents the lagged or mismatched effect of the timing of privation, nonetheless, has a significant relationship with current health and mortality (Waaler, 1984; Fogel, 1994; Berrington de Gonzalez et al., 2010).
Theorising social class and its application to the study of health inequalities
2019, SSM - Population HealthCitation Excerpt :Some studies have used different measures of socio-economic position as proxies of this. For example, parental occupational social class has been used as a marker of social position in the early years; education as a marker for early adulthood; and own/current occupation as a marker during the working years), thereby encompassing a range of different social processes (Muntaner, 2010; Poulton et al., 2002; Rahkonen, Lahelma, & Huuhka, 1997; Smith et al., 1998). Researchers interested in health inequalities are often in the position of having to make pragmatic decisions on which markers of socio-economic position to use – often because of limited availability of such data.
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