Elsevier

Biological Psychiatry

Volume 41, Issue 1, 1 January 1997, Pages 76-85
Biological Psychiatry

Adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol responses to corticotropin-releasing hormone: Changes in panic disorder and effects of alprazolam treatment

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(95)00578-1Get rights and content

This study applied the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation test to patients with panic disorder, before and during treatment with alprazolam, and to control subjects. In contrast to some, but not all prior studies, untreated, nondepressed panic disorder patients failed to show blunted adrenocorticotropic hormone or cortisol responses to CRH. In fact, the responses were subtly enhanced in that they were more rapid than those of controls. After 12 weeks of alprazolam treatment, repeat testing gave results that were indistinguishable from those of controls. Inconsistency among reports of CRH testing in panic disorder may be related to interactions among illness mechanisms, concurrent subthreshold depressive symptoms, the chronic stress of the illness, and hyperresponsiveness of panic patients to the acute stress of experimental manipulations. Pretreatment abnormalities in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function appear to resolve with alprazolam treatment. Preliminary observations suggest that pretreatment dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system may predict a more difficult or less satisfactory treatment.

References (30)

  • YoungEA et al.

    Paradoxical effects of corticosteroids on pituitary ACTH/β-endorphin release in stressed animals

    Psychoneuroendocrinology

    (1988)
  • AbelsonJL et al.

    Adrenergic dysfunction in anxiety disorders

  • AbelsonJL et al.

    Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in panic disorder: 24-hour secretion of corticotropin and cortisol

    Arch Gen Psychiatry

    (1996)
  • AbelsonJL et al.

    Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in panic disorder: Pre-treatment cortisol predicts long-term outcome

    Am J Psychiatry

    (1996)
  • BallengerJ et al.

    Alprazolam in panic disorder and agoraphobia: Results from a multicenter trial: I. Efficacy in short-term treatment

    Arch Gen Psychiatry

    (1988)
  • Cited by (0)

    This research was supported in part by Clinical Research Center Grant #M01RR00042 and by a grant from The Upjohn Company.

    View full text