Abstract
Introduction
An automated procedure for the detection, quantification, localization and statistical mapping of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images is presented and validated based on the results of a between-centre reproducibility study.
Methods
The first step is the identification of white matter (WM) tissue using a multispectral (T1, T2, PD) segmentation. In a second step, WMH are identified within the WM tissue by segmenting T2 images, isolating two different classes of WMH voxels – low- and high-contrast WMH voxels, respectively. The reliability of the whole procedure was assessed by applying it to the analysis of two large MR imaging databases (n = 650 and n= 710, respectively) of healthy elderly subjects matched for demographic characteristics.
Results
Average overall WMH load and spatial distribution were found to be similar in the two samples, (1.81 and 1.79% of the WM volume, respectively). White matter hyperintensity load was found to be significantly associated with both age and high blood pressure, with similar effects in both samples. With specific reference to the 650 subject cohort, we also found that WMH load provided by this automated procedure was significantly associated with visual grading of the severity of WMH, as assessed by a trained neurologist.
Conclusion
The results show that this method is sensitive, well correlated with semi-quantitative visual rating and highly reproducible.
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Acknowledgements
P. Maillard is supported by a grant from the Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche. The authors are indebted to P. Karamian, P. Guillon, V. Besançon, O. Coskun and S. Bricogne for early contributions to this work. This study has been conducted within the framework of the ICBM project http://www.loni.ucla.edu/ICBM/). The Three-City Study is conducted under a partnership agreement between the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), the Victor Segalen-Bordeaux II University and Sanofi-Aventis. The Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale funded the preparation and initiation of the study. The 3C Study is also supported by the Caisse Nationale Maladie des Travailleurs Salariés, Direction Générale de la Santé, MGEN, Institut de la Longévité, Conseils Régionaux of Aquitaine and Bourgogne, Fondation de France, and Ministry of Research-INSERM Programme “Cohortes et collections de données biologiques”.
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Maillard, P., Delcroix, N., Crivello, F. et al. An automated procedure for the assessment of white matter hyperintensities by multispectral (T1, T2, PD) MRI and an evaluation of its between-centre reproducibility based on two large community databases. Neuroradiology 50, 31–42 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-007-0312-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-007-0312-3