Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships of frequency, duration, and intensity of hot flashes with daily stress, ambient temperature, and caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine intake in menopausal women. Ten menopausal women suffering from hot flashes monitored these variables daily for 6 weeks. Intrasubject correlational analyses revealed significant relationships between hot-flash activity and stress for half of the sample; few women exhibited significant relationships between hot-flash activity and other variables. The results are discussed with respect to theoretical implications and treatment strategies.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
DeLongis, A., Coyne, J. C., Dakof, G., Folkman, S., and Lazarus, R. S. (1982). Relationship of daily hassles, uplifts, and major life events to health status.Health Psychol. 1: 119–136.
Diamond, S., and Dalessio, D. J. (1982).The Practicing Physician's Approach to Headache, 3rd ed., Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
Friederich, M. A. (1982). Aging, menopause, and estrogens: The clinician's dilemma. In Voda, A. M., Dinnerstein, M., and O'Connell, S. R. (eds.),Changing Perspectives on Menopause, University of Texas Press, Austin.
Gannon, L. R. (1981). The psychophysiology of psychosomatic disorders. In Haynes, S. N., and Gannon, L. R. (eds.),Psychosomatic Disorders: A Psychophysiological Approach, Praeger, New York.
Gannon, L. R. (1985).Menstrual Disorders and Menopause: Biological, Psychological, and Cultural Research, Praeger, New York.
Germaine, L. M., and Freedman, R. R. (1984). Behavioral treatment of menopausal hot flashes: Evaluation by objective methods.J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 52: 1072–1079.
Ginsburg, J., Swinhoe, J., and O'Reilly, B. (1981). Cardiovascular responses duing the menopausal hot flush.Br. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 88: 925–930.
Haynes, S. N. (1985). The design of intervention programs. In Nelson, R. E., and Haynes, S. C. (eds.),Behavioral Assessment: Conceptual Foundations, Guilford Press, New York.
Kanner, A. D., Coyne, J. C., Schaefer, C., and Lazarus, R. S. (1981). Comparison of two models of stress measurement: Daily hassles and uplifts versus major life events.J. Behav. Med. 4: 1–39.
Lightman, S. L., Jacobs, H. S., Maguire, A. K., McGarrick, G., and Jeffcoate, S. L. (1981). Climacteric flushing: Clinical and endocrine response to infusion of naloxone.Br. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 88: 919–924.
Meldrum, D. R., Tataryn, I. V., Frumar, A. M., Erlik, Y., Lu, K. H., and Judd, H. L. (1980). Gonadotropins, estrogens and adrenal steroids during the menopausal hot flash.J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 50: 685–689.
Meyers, F. H., Jawetz, E., and Goldfien, A. (1974).Review of Medical Pharmacology, 4th ed., Lang Medical, Los Altos, Calif.
Molnar, G. W. (1981). Menopausal hot flashes: Their cycles and relation to air temperature.Obstet. Gynecol. 57: 52–55.
Rabkin, J. B., and Struening, E. L. (1976). Life events, stress, and illness.Science 194: 1013–1020.
Rogers, J. (1956). The menopause.New Eng. J. Med. 254: 697–704.
Satterthwaite, F. W. (1946). An approximate distribution of estimates of variance components.Biomet. Bull. 2: 1110–1114.
Tataryn, I. V., Lomax, P., Meldrum, D. R., Bajorek, J. G., Chesarek, W., and Judd, H. L. (1981). Objective techniques for the assessment of postmenopausal hot flashes.Obstet. Gynecol. 57: 340–344.
Tulandi, T., Lal, S., and Kinch, R. A. (1983). Effect of intravenous clonidine on menopausal flushing and luteinizing hormone secretion.Br. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 90: 854–857.
Voda, A. (1981). Alterations of the menstrual cycle: Hormonal and mechanical. In Kommenich, P., McSweeney, M., Noack, J. A., and Elder, N. (eds.),The Menstrual Cycle, Vol. 2. Research and Implications for Women's Health, Springer, New York.
Voda, A. (1982). Menopausal hot flash. In Voda, A., Dinnerstein, M., and O'Connell, S. R. (eds.),Changing Perspectives on Menopause, University of Texas Press, Austin.
Walker, A. M., and Hershel, J. (1980). Declining rates of endometrial cancer.Obstet. Gynecol. 56: 733–736.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gannon, L., Hansel, S. & Goodwin, J. Correlates of menopausal hot flashes. J Behav Med 10, 277–285 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00846541
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00846541