Temporal trends in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) participation and mortality in CR patients between 1996 and 2010
| Year | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | p Value* | |
| N | 1545 | 1773 | 1818 | 1736 | 1586 | 1596 | 1686 | 1444 | 1799 | 2041 | 2532 | 2374 | 2188 | 2298 | 2351 | |
| Participation | ||||||||||||||||
| No participation, n (%) | 278 (18.0) | 309 (17.4) | 296 (16.3) | 221 (12.7) | 267 (16.8) | 300 (18.8) | 357 (21.2) | 246 (17.0) | 331 (18.4) | 379 (18.6) | 496 (19.6) | 560 (23.6) | 482 (22.0) | 505 (22.0) | 563 (24.0) | <0.001 |
| Intake only, n (%) | 168 (10.9) | 197 (11.1) | 187 (10.3) | 220 (12.7) | 172 (10.8) | 151 (9.5) | 207 (12.3) | 183 (12.7) | 219 (12.2) | 275 (13.5) | 480 (19.0) | 313 (13.2) | 317 (14.5) | 343 (14.9) | 399 (17.0) | <0.001 |
| Per cent on-site attendance (SD)† | 62.8 (0.74) | 62.3 (0.70) | 62.6 (0.69) | 61.3 (0.71) | 60.3 (0.76) | 60.0 (0.77) | 58.3 (0.80) | 57.9 (0.87) | 55.6 (0.76) | 55.3 (0.72) | 58.1 (0.69) | 58.4 (0.67) | 57.0 (0.71) | 54.4 (0.70) | 53.4 (0.71) | <0.001 |
| 0.1–33%, n (%) | 124 (8.0) | 162 (9.2) | 153 (8.4) | 149 (8.6) | 155 (9.8) | 177 (11.1) | 174 (10.3) | 184 (12.7) | 274 (15.2) | 273 (13.4) | 286 (11.3) | 232 (9.8) | 225 (10.3) | 306 (13.3) | 286 (12.2) | <0.001 |
| 33.1–67%, n (%) | 398 (25.8) | 436 (24.6) | 474 (26.1) | 460 (26.5) | 400 (25.2) | 393 (24.6) | 396 (23.5) | 342 (23.7) | 444 (24.7) | 533 (26.1) | 532 (21.0) | 572 (24.1) | 532 (24.3) | 554 (24.1) | 558 (23.7) | |
| 67.1%–100%, n (%) | 577 (37.4) | 669 (37.7) | 708 (38.9) | 686 (39.5) | 592 (37.3) | 575 (36.0) | 552 (32.7) | 489 (33.9) | 531 (29.5) | 581 (28.5) | 738 (29.2) | 697 (29.4) | 632 (28.9) | 590 (25.7) | 545 (23.2) | |
| Mortality | ||||||||||||||||
| 1 year, n (%) | 19 (1.2) | 20 (1.1) | 19 (1.0) | 20 (1.2) | 30 (1.9) | 19 (1.2) | 14 (0.8) | 20 (1.4) | 17 (0.9) | 31 (1.5) | 27 (1.1) | 42 (1.8) | 30 (1.4) | 34 (1.5) | 30 (1.3) | 0.22 |
| 2 years, n (%) | 36 (2.3) | 46 (2.6) | 36 (2.0) | 38 (2.2) | 52 (3.3) | 40 (2.5) | 32 (1.9) | 36 (2.5) | 39 (2.2) | 62 (3.0) | 57 (2.3) | 71 (3.0) | 69 (3.2) | 69 (3.0) | 59 (2.5) | 0.06 |
| 3 years, n (%) | 56 (3.6) | 73 (4.1) | 64 (3.5) | 62 (3.6) | 76 (4.8) | 65 (4.1) | 54 (3.2) | 55 (3.8) | 64 (3.6) | 80 (3.9) | 88 (3.5) | 108 (4.6) | 112 (5.1) | 92 (4.0) | 63 (2.7) | 0.97 |
*p Value examines group differences over time; categorical variables incorporate the Mantel-Haenszel χ2 test for trend; continuous variables examine group differences in means over time using t Test. For continuous variables, p values for group difference over time are similar with or without accounting for individual-level variations.
†Percentage of prescribed sessions attended among patients who at least attended one session postintake assessment.