Characteristics of selected studies concerning prevalence of multimorbidity and risk factors
| Author, year of publication | Country | Use of term multimorbidity in the study | Definition of multimorbidity | Results Prevalence | Risk factors | Consequences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joshi 2003 | India | No | Not described | 83%* | Not described | No |
| Purty 2006 | India | No | Not described | 24.1% | Not described | No |
| Khanam 2011 | Bangladesh | Yes | Two or more chronic medical conditions | 53.8% | Women (OR 3.32; 1.88–5.86) High-income group (OR 1.93; 1.14–3.27) | No |
| Chakraborty 2004 | India | No | Not described | 54.4% | No | |
| Swami 2002 | India | No | Not described | 69.9% | Urban Female | No |
| Chakrabarty 2010 | India | No | Not described | 53.7% | Not described | No |
| Bhojani 2013 | India | No | Not described | 4.5% | Not described | No |
| Van Minh 2008 | India Bangladesh | No | Not described | India=5.86% Bangladesh=10.75% | Not described | No |
| Banjare 2014 | India | Yes | Presence of two or more chronic diseases | 56.5% | Age in years 65–70: (OR 2.33; 1.22–4.45) 70–75: (OR 4.91; 2.18–11.05) ≥75: (OR 4.65; 1.87–11.52) SES Fully dependent: (OR 5.21; 1.99–13.60) Partially dependent: (OR 3.02; 1.57–6.81) Chewing tobacco: (OR 2.82; 1.51–5.24) | No |
| Pati 2014 | India | Yes | Presence of two or more chronic diseases | 8.9% | Age in years 30–39: (OR 4.11; 2.18–7.74) 40–49: (OR 7.87; 4.25–14.59) 50–59: (OR 16.15; 8.83–29.54) 60–69: (OR 23.56; 13.08–42.44) >70: (OR 39.15; 20.72–73.98) | Increase healthcare utilisation and expenditure |
| Arokiasamy 2014 | India | Yes | Simultaneous presence of two or more chronic diseases | 20.8% | Age in years 50–59: (OR 3.12; 2.88–3.37) 60–69: (OR 5.24; 4.83–5.7) ≥70: (OR 7.53;6.9–8.26) Widow/er (OR 1.45; 1.26–1.64) Obese (OR 1.59; 1.48–1.71) High risk WHR (OR 1.25; 1.17–1.32) Inactive PA (OR 1.13; 1.07–1.19) | Poor self-rated health (SRH) Increased functional limitation Poor quality of life Depression |
| Vadrevu 2015 | India | Yes | Presence of two or more chronic diseases | Not mentioned | Poor SRH | |
| Arokiasamy 2015 | India | Yes | Presence of two or more chronic diseases | 9% | Age: 45–59 years (OR 1.5; 1.19–1.88) Primary education (OR 1.4; 1.02–1.91) High school and above (OR: 1.6; 1.07–2.4 Female (OR: 1.25; 0.97–1.61) | Poor ADL and SRH |
ADL, activity of daily living; PA, physical activity; WHR, waist hip ratio.